查看“︁氰化钡”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| NameEn =Barium cyanide
| ImageFile =Barium cyanide structure.svg
| ImageName = 
| OtherNames = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 542-62-1
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem  =  10961
|  ChemSpiderID  =  10496
|  SMILES  =  [Ba+2].[C-]#N.[C-]#N
|  InChI  =  1/2CN.Ba/c2*1-2;/q2*-1;+2
|  InChIKey  =  UNLSXXHOHZUADN-UHFFFAOYAI
|  StdInChI  =  1S/2CN.Ba/c2*1-2;/q2*-1;+2
|  StdInChIKey  =  UNLSXXHOHZUADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  EINECS  =  208-882-3
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Ba(CN)<sub>2</sub>
| MolarMass = 189.38 
| Appearance = 白色光亮鳞状结晶 
| Solubility=极易溶（800 g·l<sup>−1</sup>当14℃）<ref name="Perry">Dale L. Perry, Sidney L. Phillips: ''Handbook of inorganic compounds''. CRC Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8493-8671-8, S.&nbsp;49 ({{Google Buch|BuchID=0fT4wfhF1AsC|Seite=49}}).</ref>
| SolubleOther = 微溶于乙醇
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.ep.net.cn/msds/wuzhi6/61001-4.htm MSDS][http://www.somsds.com/detail.asp?id=-2087217693 MSDS]
 }}
}}

'''氰化钡'''（{{lang|en|barium cyanide}}），化学式 Ba(CN)<sub>2</sub>，分子量为189.38，白色光亮鳞状结晶。不溶于水，微溶于乙醇，遇酸或露置空气中能吸收水分和二氧化碳分解出剧毒的[[氰化氢]]气体。<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1146/annurev.pa.16.040176.001201|title=Current Concepts about the Treatment of Selected Poisonings: Nitrite, Cyanide, Sulfide, Barium, and Quinidine|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annual-review-of-pharmacology-and-toxicology_1976_16/page/189|year=1976|last1=Smith|first1=R P|last2=Gosselin|first2=R E|journal=Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology|volume=16|pages=189–99|pmid=779614}}</ref>

==制备==
它是由[[氢氰酸]]和[[氢氧化钡]]在水中或是[[石油醚]]中反应而成的。<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref><ref name='Abegg'/>
:<math>\mathrm{Ba(OH)_2 + 2\ HCN \longrightarrow  Ba(CN)_2\ + 2\ H_2O}</math>

它也可以由[[氢氧化钡]]和[[碳]]在[[空气]]或[[氮气]]中燃烧而成。<ref name="Abegg">R. Abegg, F. Auerbach: ''Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie.'' Verlag S. Hirzel, Bd. 2, 1908. S.&nbsp;258. [http://www.archive.org/stream/a2handbuchderano02abeguoft#page/258/mode/2up/search/barium Volltext]</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{Ba(OH)_2 + 3\ C + N_2 \longrightarrow  Ba(CN)_2\ + H_2O + CO}</math>

== 性质==
氰化钡是一种[[吸湿性]]固体，会水合成二水合物 Ba(CN)<sub>2</sub>&nbsp;·&nbsp;2&nbsp;H<sub>2</sub>O ，为[[棱柱]]结构。它在 100&nbsp;°C 时会放出[[结晶水]]。<ref name='Abegg'/> 当 Ba(CN)<sub>2</sub> 在水蒸气中加热时，会形成[[氢氧化钡]] Ba(OH)<sub>2</sub> 、[[氨]] NH<sub>3</sub> 和[[一氧化碳]] CO。<ref name="Abegg"/>

:<math>\mathrm{Ba(CN)_2 + 4\ H_2O  \longrightarrow  Ba(OH)_2 + 2\ NH_3 + 2\ CO}</math>

它和[[镁]]粉加热反应，形成[[碳化钡]]。<ref name="Beilstein4">Friedrich Konrad Beilstein: ''Beilsteins Handbuch der organischen Chemie''. 1918, Verlag Edward Bros., 4. Auflage 1943, 1. Band, S.&nbsp;243. [http://www.archive.org/stream/beilsteinshandb00richgoog#page/n286/mode/1up/search/bariumcyanid Volltext]</ref>

==参见==
*[[氯化钡]]
*[[氰化锌]]

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

==外部链接==
* [http://www.somsds.com/detail.asp?id=-2087217693 氰化钡——MSDS] {{Wayback|url=http://www.somsds.com/detail.asp?id=-2087217693 |date=20160304212945 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120111014232/http://www.ep.net.cn/msds/wuzhi6/61001-4.htm MSDS]

{{钡化合物}}
{{氰化物}}

[[Category:钡化合物]]
[[Category:氰化物]]
[[Category:剧毒化学品]]