查看“︁四苯基铅”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
|ImageFile=Tetraphenylblei.svg
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo= 595-89-1
| EC-number= 209-871-3
| PubChem         = 72906
|SMILES=c1ccccc1[Pb](c2ccccc2)(c3ccccc3)c4ccccc4
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Appearance= 白色粉末<ref name="Alfa" />
| C=24|H=20|Pb=1
| Density= 1.53 g·cm<sup>−3</sup><ref name="Chemicalbook" />
| MeltingPt= 227–228 °C<ref name="Chemicalbook" />
| BoilingPt= 270 °C（分解<ref>{{cite book | last=Greenwood | first=N. N. | last2=Earnshaw | first2=A. | title=Chemistry of the elements | publication-place=Boston, Mass. | date=1997 | isbn=0-585-37339-6 | oclc=48138330|page=404}}</ref>）
| Solubility=不溶<ref name="Alfa" />
|SolubleOther=[[苯]]：15.4 g·l<sup>−1</sup><br />[[1,4-二氧六环]]：11.4 g·l<sup>−1</sup><br />[[四氯甲烷|CCl<sub>4</sub>]]：8.04 g·l<sup>−1</sup><ref name="Strohmeier" />
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
|OtherAnions=[[四甲基铅]]<br />[[四乙基铅]]<br />[[四丁基铅]]
|OtherCations=[[四苯甲烷]]<br />[[四苯基硅]]<br />[[四苯基锗]]<br />[[四苯基锡]]
}}
}}

'''四苯基铅'''是一种[[有机铅化合物]]，化学式 {{chem2|(C6H5)4Pb}}。它是一种白色固体，溶于[[有机溶剂]]，几乎不溶于水。

== 制备 ==
四苯基铅可以由[[格氏试剂]][[苯基溴化镁]]和[[二氯化铅]]在[[乙醚]]中反应而成。这是1904年 P. Pfeiffer 和P. Truskier首次发现四苯基铅时用的方法。<ref name="Pfeiffer" />
:<math>\mathrm{ (C_6H_5)MgBr +\ 2\ PbCl_2\ \xrightarrow[Et_2O]{} \ Pb(C_6H_5)_4 +\ Pb +\ 4\ MgBrCl }</math>

== 反应==
四苯基铅和[[氯化氢]]的醇溶液反应，其中的苯基可以被氯原子取代，并产生[[苯]]：<ref name="Bähr" />
:<math>\mathrm{ Pb(C_6H_5)_4 +\ HCl\ \xrightarrow[Ethanol]{} \ Pb(C_6H_5)_3Cl +\ C_6H_6 }</math>
:<math>\mathrm{ Pb(C_6H_5)_3Cl +\ HCl\ \xrightarrow[Ethanol]{} \ Pb(C_6H_5)_2Cl_2 +\ C_6H_6 }</math>

类似[[四丁基铅]]，四苯基铅和[[硫]]在超过150 °C下反应会爆炸，产生[[二苯硫醚]]和[[硫化铅]]：<ref name="ZAAC1963_325_305" />
:<math>\mathrm{ Pb(C_6H_5)_4 +\ 3\ S\ \xrightarrow[]{} \ PbS +\ 2\ S(C_6H_5)_2 }</math>

它和[[碘]]在[[氯仿]]中反应，可以得到[[三苯基碘化铅]]。<ref name="Richard W. Weiss">{{cite book| author=Richard W. Weiss | title=Compounds of Germanium, Tin, and Lead, including Biological Activity and Commercial Application Covering the Literature from 1937 to 1964 | publisher=Springer Science & Business Media | ISBN=978-3-642-51889-8 | date=2013 | page=555 }}</ref>

== 参考资料==
<references>
<ref name="Chemicalbook">
{{ChemicalBook|1406267|2=Tetraphenylblei|Abruf=2015-03-25}}
</ref>
<ref name="Alfa">{{Alfa|A12208|Name=Tetraphenyllead, 97%|Datum=2015-03-27}}</ref>
<ref name="Pfeiffer">
{{cite book|author=P. Pfeiffer, P. Truskier |title=Zur Darstellung organischer Blei- und Quecksilber-Verbindungen |date=1904-01 |page=1125 |language=de |DOI=10.1002/cber.190403701183}}
</ref>
<ref name="Bähr">
{{cite book|author=F. Just |title=Chemisches Colloquium der Universität Berlin |date=1947-05 |page=176 |language=de |DOI=10.1002/ange.19470590510}}
</ref>
<ref name="Strohmeier">
{{cite book|author=Walter Strohmeier, Karlheinz Miltenberger |title=Notiz über die Löslichkeiten von Tetraphenylmethan Tetraphenyl-silicium, -germanium, -zinn und -blei in organischen Lösungsmitteln|date=1958-06 |page=1357 |language=de |DOI=10.1002/cber.19580910638}}
</ref>
<ref name="ZAAC1963_325_305">
{{cite book|author=Max Schmidt, Herbert Schumann |title=Spaltungsreaktionen metallorganischer Verbindungen mit Chalkogenen. Reaktionen von Schwefel mit silicium-, germanium- und bleiorganischen Verbindungen |date=1963-10 |ISSN=0044-2313 |page=130 |language=de |DOI=10.1002/zaac.19633250305}}
</ref>
</references>
{{铅化合物}}
{{苯基化合物}}

[[Category:苯基化合物]]
[[Category:有机铅化合物]]
[[Category:1900年代发现的物质]]