戈夫-格雷奇方程式

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戈夫-格雷奇方程式Template:Lang-en)可以在给定温度的情况下用来确定水的饱和蒸汽压。另一个类似的方程是Arden Buck方程式

历史

戈夫-格雷奇方程式是以它的两个作者戈夫(Goff)和格雷奇(Gratch)命名,他们在文章里介绍了在某个温度下,如何计算平静的水面上水的饱和蒸汽压。戈夫在1957年修订了这个方程,1988年戈夫-格雷奇方程式被世界气象组织所推荐,2000年又进行了进一步修正。

方程式

原始的戈夫-格雷奇方程式(1946) 如下:

log e* = 7.90298(Tst/T1) + 5.02808 log(Tst/T)
 1.3816×107(1011.344(1T/Tst)1)
+ 8.1328×103(103.49149(Tst/T1)1) + log est*

其中:

log 是以10为底的对数
e* 水的饱和蒸汽压(hPa)
T是以开尔文表示的绝对温度K
Tst沸点温度(373.15 K)
e*st 是沸点压力(1 atm = 1013.25 hPa)

在冰面上方,水的饱和蒸汽压可简化为:

log ei* = 9.09718(T0/T1)  3.56654 log(T0/T)
+ 0.876793(1T/T0)+ log ei0*

其中:

log 是以10为底的对数
e*i 在冰面上方水的饱和蒸汽压(hPa)
T 是空气温度(K)
T0 是冰点温度(273.16 K)
e*i0 是冰点压力(6.1173 hPa)

参考文献

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  • Goff, J. A., and Gratch, S. (1946) Low-pressure properties of water from −160 to 212 °F, in Transactions of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, pp 95–122, presented at the 52nd annual meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, New York, 1946.
  • Goff, J. A. (1957) Saturation pressure of water on the new Kelvin temperature scale, Transactions of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, pp 347–354, presented at the semi-annual meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, Murray Bay, Que. Canada.
  • World Meteorological Organization (1988) General meteorological standards and recommended practices, Appendix A, WMO Technical Regulations, WMO-No. 49.
  • World Meteorological Organization (2000) General meteorological standards and recommended practices, Appendix A, WMO Technical Regulations, WMO-No. 49, corrigendum.
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  • Template:Cite journal

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