查看“︁2-甲基-2-丁醇”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477214097
| ImageFile = 2-Methyl-2-butanol FormulaV1-Seite001.svg
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize = 150
| ImageName = 2-甲基-2-丁醇的立体结构式
| ImageFile2 = 2-Methyl-2-butanol-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize2 = 100
| ImageName2 = 2-甲基-2-丁醇的空间填充模型
| PIN = 2-Methyl-2-butanol<ref name="PubChem" />
| SystematicName = 2-Methylbutan-2-ol<ref name="PubChem">{{Cite web | title = tert-Amyl alcohol - Compound Summary | url = http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6405&loc=ec_rcs | work = PubChem Compound | publisher = National Center for Biotechnology Information | accessdate = 2011-12-13 | location = USA | date = 26 March 2005 | at = Identification and Related Records | archive-date = 2012-10-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121003073136/http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6405&loc=ec_rcs | dead-url = no }}</ref>
| OtherNames = 叔戊醇，二甲基乙基原醇
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  CASNo = 75-85-4
|  CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem = 6405
|  PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|Pubchem}}
|  ChemSpiderID = 6165
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|  UNII = 69C393R11Z
|  EINECS = 200-908-9
|  UNNumber = 1105
|  KEGG = D02931
|  KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
|  MeSHName = tert-amyl+alcohol
|  SMILES = CCC(C)(C)O
|  ChEMBL = 44658
|  ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|  RTECS = SC0175000
|  Beilstein = 1361351
|  StdInChI = 1S/C5H12O/c1-4-5(2,3)6/h6H,4H2,1-3H3
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|  StdInChIKey = MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  C = 5
|  H = 12
|  O = 1
|  Appearance = 无色液体
|  Odor = 樟脑味
|  Density = 0.805 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=prop>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1021/je800571y| title = Densities and Viscosities of Binary Liquid Mixtures of 2-Butanone with Branched Alcohols at (293.15 to 313.15) K| journal = Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data| volume = 54| pages = 127–130| year = 2009| last1 = Lomte | first1 = S.B. | last2 = Bawa | first2 = M.J. | last3 = Lande | first3 = M.K. | last4 = Arbad | first4 = B.R. }}</ref>
|  MeltingPtK = 264
|  BoilingPtKL = 374
|  BoilingPtKH = 376
|  Solubility = 120 g dm<sup>−3</sup>
| SolubleOther = 可溶于[[苯]]、[[氯仿]]、[[乙醚]]、[[乙醇]]<ref name=":crc">{{Cite book|title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 95th Edition|last1=Haynes|first1=William M.|last2=Lide|first2=David R.|last3=Bruno|first3=Thomas J.|publisher=CRC Press|year=2014|isbn=9781482208689|edition=95th|pages=362|chapter=Section 3 - Physical Constants of Organic Compounds|oclc=908078665}}</ref>
|  LogP = 1.095
|  VaporPressure = 1.6 kPa (20 °C)
|  RefractIndex = 1.405
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|  DeltaHf = −380.0–−379.0 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
|  DeltaHc = −3.3036–−3.3026 MJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
|  Entropy = 229.3 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards
|  ExternalMSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/a6408.htm hazard.com]
|  GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame}} {{GHS exclamation mark}}
|  GHSSignalWord = '''危险'''
|  EUIndex = 603-007-00-2
|  EUClass = {{Hazchem F}} {{Hazchem Xn}}
|  HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225|315|332|335}}
|  PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|261}}
|  RPhrases = {{R11}}, {{R20}}, {{R37/38}}
|  SPhrases = {{S2}}, {{S46}}
|  NFPA-H = 1
|  NFPA-F = 3
|  NFPA-R = 0
|  FlashPt = 19 °C；24 °C (开杯)
|  Autoignition = 437 °C
|  ExploLimits = 9%
}}
}}
'''2-甲基-2-丁醇'''，或稱'''叔戊醇'''，学名结构式(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C(OH)CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>。

==性质==
无色液体。易燃，燃烧时具有类似[[樟脑]]的气味。溶于8倍的水，水溶液对[[石蕊]]呈中性。与[[乙醇]]、[[乙醚]]、[[氯仿]]、[[苯]]、[[甘油]]和[[油]]类混溶。有中等毒性，对呼吸系统、眼、鼻有刺激作用。

==制备==
[[乙炔]]与[[丙酮]]经[[炔酮化反应]]生成[[乙炔基异丙醇]]，后者经分离、[[加氢]]和精馏，得叔戊醇。
:<math>\ CH_3COCH_3+HC \! \equiv \! CH\rightarrow (CH_3)_2C(OH)C\! \equiv \! CH </math><math> \ \xrightarrow [Ni]{+2H_2} \ (CH_3)_2C(OH)CH_2CH_3</math>

==用途==
用于制取香料、增塑剂、彩色胶片成色剂、浮选剂和溶剂等，也用作液压油、润滑油等石油产品的添加剂。

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

{{醇}}
{{Hypnotics and sedatives}}

[[Category:叔醇]]
[[Category:狡詐家藥物]]
[[Category:醇类溶剂]]
[[Category:叔戊基化合物]]