查看“︁2-溴丁烷”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 413108754
| ImageFile = 2-Bromobutane.png
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize = 100
| ImageName = 2-溴丁烷的球棍模型
| IUPACName = 2-Bromobutane<ref>{{Cite web|title=2-bromobutane - Compound Summary|url=http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6554|work=PubChem Compound|publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information|accessdate=2012-06-17|location=USA|date=2005-03-26|archive-date=2013-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030081212/http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6554|dead-url=no}}</ref>
| OtherNames = 仲丁基溴
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  CASNo = 78-76-2
|  CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem = 6554
|  PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|Pubchem}}
|  PubChem1 = 637147
|  PubChem1_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|Pubchem}}
|  PubChem1_Comment = <small>''R''</small>
|  PubChem2 = 12236140
|  PubChem2_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|Pubchem}}
|  PubChem2_Comment = <small>''S''</small>
|  ChemSpiderID = 6306
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  ChemSpiderID1 = 552796
|  ChemSpiderID1_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  ChemSpiderID1_Comment = <small>''R''</small>
|  EINECS = 201-140-7
|  UNNumber = 2339
|  MeSHName = 2-bromobutane
|  ChEMBL = 156276
|  ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|  RTECS = EJ6228000
|  Beilstein = 505949
|  SMILES = CCC(C)Br
|  StdInChI = 1S/C4H9Br/c1-3-4(2)5/h4H,3H2,1-2H3
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|  StdInChIKey = UPSXAPQYNGXVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  C = 4
|  H = 9
|  Br = 1
|  Appearance = 无色液体<ref name="GESTIS" />
|  Density = 1.26 g mL<sup>−1</sup><ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|Name=2-Brombutan|ZVG=510529|CAS=78-76-2|Abruf=2022-01-20}}</ref>
|  MeltingPtC=-112
|Melting_notes=<ref name="GESTIS" />
|Boiling_notes=<ref name="GESTIS" />
|  BoilingPtC=91
|  LogP = 2.672
|  RefractIndex = 1.437<ref name="Sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|ALDRICH|id=B59500|Name=2-Bromobutane|Abruf=2013-07-22}}</ref>
|Solubility=<1 g/L<ref name="GESTIS" />
|SolubleOther=可溶于乙醇和乙醚<ref name="merck">{{Merck|801548|Name=2-Brombutan|Abruf=2010-07-09}}</ref>
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|  DeltaHf = −156 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
|  DeltaHc = −2.706–−2.704 MJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards
|  GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame}}
|  GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER'''
|  HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225}}
|  PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210}}
|  EUClass = {{Hazchem F}}
|  RPhrases = {{R11}}
|  SPhrases = {{S16}}, {{S24/25}}
|  FlashPt = 21 °C
}}
}}
'''2-溴丁烷'''（'''2-Bromobutane'''）是[[溴代烷]]的一種，是 [[1-溴丁烷]]的[[同分异构#位置异构|位置异构体]]，分子式为C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>9</sub>Br，是一种带香味的无色液体。2-溴丁烷较1-溴丁烷相对稳定，由1-丁醇制备后者时常有重排的2-溴丁烷副产物。其有毒且易燃，对人体有刺激性，接触能灼伤皮肤和眼睛。

== 制备==
2-溴丁烷可以由[[1-丁烯]]、[[2-丁烯]]或[[2-丁醇]]和[[氢溴酸]]反应而成。<ref>{{cite book | last=Carey | first=Francis A. | title=Organic chemistry | url=https://archive.org/details/organicchemistry00care_831 | publisher=McGraw-Hill | publication-place=Boston | date=2000 | isbn=0-07-290501-8 | oclc=42397435 |page=[https://archive.org/details/organicchemistry00care_831/page/n305 275]}}</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{C_4H_8 + HBr \longrightarrow C_4H_9Br}</math>
:<math>\mathrm{C_4H_9OH + HBr \longrightarrow C_4H_9Br + H_2O}</math>

== 性質 ==
2-溴丁烷在常溫下是無色的液體。此外，2號碳（即連著[[溴]]原子的碳）上面有四個不同的基團（分別是[[甲基]]、[[乙基]]、氫原子和溴原子），所以它是手性碳。因此，2-溴丁烷是有[[手性]]的，有 (''R'')-(−)-2-溴丁烷 和(''S'')-(+)-2-溴丁烷一對[[对映异构体|對映異構體]]。

== 用处==
2-溴丁烷可以在有机合成里引入[[仲丁基]]。<ref name="GESTIS" />

==参考资料==
{{Reflist}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:溴丁烷, 2-}}
[[Category:溴代烷烃]]
[[Category:一卤丁烷]]
[[Category:仲丁基化合物]]