查看“︁閃爍計”︁的源代码

{{Distinguish|閃爍體探測器}}

[[Image:kippzonen scintillometer.jpg|thumb|right|瓦赫寧根大學量測現場用於長距離感熱通量量測的大孔徑閃爍計（發射器）。]]

'''閃爍計'''（{{lang-en|'''scintillometer'''}}）是一種[[科學]]設備，用於量測由溫度、濕度和壓力變化引起的[[空氣]][[湍流|騷亂]]的[[折射率]]波動。它由一個[[光學]]或[[無線電波]]發射器和一個位於[[大氣]]傳播路徑相對另一端的接收器組成。接收器檢測並評估傳輸訊號的强度波動，稱為[[閃爍]]。

折射率波動的幅度通常用<math>C_n^2</math>來衡量，即{{link-en|折射率波動結構常數|Structure constant of refractive index fluctuations}}，它是{{link-en|湍流慣性子範圍|Inertial subrange of turbulence}}中折射率波動光譜幅度。某些類型的閃爍計，如位移束閃爍計，也可以量測{{link-en|折射率波動的內部尺度|Inner scale of refractive index fluctuations}}，這是慣性子範圍內最小的渦流尺寸。

閃爍計還可以量測地球表面和上方空氣之間的熱傳遞，稱為[[顯熱|顯熱通量]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/lemke/geog101/miscellaneous/heat_fluxes.html |title=Heat Fluxes & the Energy Balance |accessdate=2004-06-02 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040628175642/http://www.uwsp.edu/geo/faculty/lemke/geog101/miscellaneous/heat_fluxes.html |archivedate=2004-06-28 }}</ref>。內尺度閃爍計還可以量測{{link-en|湍動能耗散率|Dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy}}和[[動量|動量通量]]。

== 相關條目 ==
* {{link-en|透射計|Transmissometer}}
* {{link-en|濁度計|Nephelometer}}

== 參考資料 ==
{{Reflist}}

== 外部連結 ==
* [http://www.met.wur.nl/projects/intro/scintillation_method.pdf The scintillation method] {{Wayback|url=http://www.met.wur.nl/projects/intro/scintillation_method.pdf |date=20171222051940 }} by  W.M.L. Meijninger, Wageningen University, The Netherlands
* [http://www.met.wur.nl/internal_reports/ir2004_02_v1.1.pdf A review of the relationships describing the signal of a Large Aperture Scintillometer] {{Wayback|url=http://www.met.wur.nl/internal_reports/ir2004_02_v1.1.pdf |date=20171222051910 }} -  by A.F. Moene, W.M.L. Meijninger, O.K. Hartogensis, W. Kohsiek, H.A.R. de Bruin,  Wageningen University, The Netherlands

[[Category:干涉測量學]]