查看“︁量子四位元”︁的源代码

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{{基本信息单位}}'''量子四位元'''（Ququads； Quaternary Quantum）是使用|0⟩、|1⟩、|2⟩、|3⟩作為資訊的基本單位，類似古典位元的四進位。<ref>Abdollah Norouzi Doshanlou, Majid Haghparast, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Midia Reshadi. [https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-cds.2019.0098Citations Efficient design of quaternary quantum comparator with only a single ancillary input] 2020.01.14. The Institution of Engineering and Technology Journals.</ref>
==理論描述==
:<math>|\psi\rangle = \alpha |0\rangle + \beta |1\rangle + \gamma |2\rangle + \delta |3\rangle</math>,
: <math>| \alpha |^2 + | \beta |^2 + | \gamma |^2    +| \delta |^2 = 1 \,</math>

:<math>|0\rangle = \begin{bmatrix}
1\\0\\0\\0
\end{bmatrix},
|1\rangle = \begin{bmatrix}
0\\1\\0\\0
\end{bmatrix},
|2\rangle = \begin{bmatrix}
0\\0\\1\\0
\end{bmatrix},
|3\rangle = \begin{bmatrix}
0\\0\\0\\1
\end{bmatrix}
</math>

使用兩個量子組合的四進位系統， 
相當於古典位元<math>4^2 = 16</math>，其組合為：<math> \left \{ |00\rangle , |01\rangle , |02\rangle , |03\rangle ,|10\rangle , |11\rangle , |12\rangle ,|13\rangle
,|20\rangle , |21\rangle , |22\rangle ,|23\rangle
,|30\rangle , |31\rangle , |32\rangle ,|33\rangle
\right 
\}</math>

== 參考文獻 ==
{{reflist}}

{{Quantum computing|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:量子信息]]