查看“︁草莓醛”︁的源代码

'''草莓醛'''，又名'''甲基苯基縮水甘油酸乙酯'''，是一種化學式<chem>C12H14O3</chem>的[[有機化合物]]。
{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 434802513
| Name = 
| ImageFile = strawberry aldehyde.png
| ImageSize = 
| ImageName = 
| IUPACName = Ethyl 3-methyl-3-phenyloxirane-2-carboxylate 
| OtherNames = Ethyl methylphenylglycidate<br />Strawberry aldehyde<br />Aldehyde C-16<br />楊梅醛<br />草莓醛<br />3-甲基-3-苯基縮水甘油酸乙酯<br />2,3-環氧-3-苯基丁酸乙酯
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 77-83-8
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = UD51D5KR4A
| SMILES = CC(C2C(OCC)=O)(O2)C1=CC=CC=C1
|  PubChem = 6501
|  ChemSpiderID = 6255
|  StdInChI = 1S/C12H14O3/c1-3-14-11(13)10-12(2,15-10)9-7-5-4-6-8-9/h4-8,10H,3H2,1-2H3
|  StdInChIKey = LQKRYVGRPXFFAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Appearance = 无色液体
| C=12|H=14|O=3
| Density = 1.09-1.10 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=chemicalland21>[http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/perchem/ETHYL%20METHYLPHENYLGLYCIDATE.htm Ethyl Methylphenylglycidate] {{Wayback|url=http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/perchem/ETHYL%20METHYLPHENYLGLYCIDATE.htm |date=20100114183611 }}, chemicalland21.com</ref>
| MeltingPt = {{convert|7|-|8|C|K}}
| BoilingPt = {{convert|272|-|275|C|K}}<ref>"Hazardous Substances Data Bank" data were obtained from the National Library of Medicine (US). Retrieved from SciFinder. [2021-07-10]</ref>
| Solubility = 0.12 g（25 °C）<ref>Calculated using Advanced Chemistry Development (ACD/Labs) Software V11.02 (© 1994-2021 ACD/Labs). Retrieved from SciFinder. [2021-07-10]</ref>
  }}
}}

==命名==
草莓醛是種[[環氧化合物]]，同時具備[[酯]]的[[官能基]]。雖然俗名叫草莓「醛」，但由於它不具備[[醛基]]，因此並不算是[[醛]]。

而由於這化合物具備[[草莓]]的香氣，因此俗名叫'''草莓醛'''、'''楊梅醛'''<ref>{{cite book | title = Chemistry and technology of flavors and fragrances |author= David J. Rowe | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-2372-X}}</ref>。

==合成==
草莓醛可以由[[苯乙酮]]（乙酰苯）和[[一氯乙酸乙酯]]（氯代乙酸乙酯）在[[强鹼]]（例如[[氨基鈉]]、[[乙醇鈉]]<ref name="#1">{{cite web |author1=ChemicalBook |title=杨梅醛 |url=https://www.chemicalbook.com/ProductChemicalPropertiesCB9126747.htm |publisher=ChemicalBook |accessdate=2021-07-10 |archive-date=2021-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711173226/https://www.chemicalbook.com/ProductChemicalPropertiesCB9126747.htm }}</ref>）的作用下經過[[達參反應]]製備而成<ref>Darzens, G. ''Compt. Rend.'' '''1904''', ''139'', 1214.<br />Darzens, G. ''Compt. Rend.'' '''1905''', ''141'', 766. <br />Darzens, G. ''Compt. Rend.'' '''1906''', ''142'', 214.</ref><ref>Newman, M. S.; Magerlein, B. J. ''Org. React.'' '''1949''', ''5'', 413.（综述）</ref>。

:[[File:Darzens reaction overview.png|600px|thumb|反應式。在這情況下，R為苯基，R'為甲基]]


{{-}}亦可由[[反-β-甲基肉桂酸乙酯]]以[[間氯過氧苯甲酸]]透過[[環氧化反應]]製備而成。<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Gayle J. Pageau, Rodwell Mabaera , Kathryn M. Kosuda, Tamara A. Sebelius, Ali H. Ghaffari, Kenneth A. Kearns, Jean P. McIntyre, Tina M. Beachy, and Dasan M. Thamattoor |title=Diastereoselective Synthesis of a Strawberry Flavoring Agent by Epoxidation of Ethyl trans-!-Methylcinnamate |journal=Journal of Chemical Education |date=January 2002 • |url=https://yvesrubin.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/chem-136-diastereoselective-synthesis-of-a-strawberry-flavoring-agent-by-epoxidation-of-ethyl-trans-methylcinnamate.pdf |accessdate=2021-07-10 |archive-date=2021-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710065444/https://yvesrubin.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/chem-136-diastereoselective-synthesis-of-a-strawberry-flavoring-agent-by-epoxidation-of-ethyl-trans-methylcinnamate.pdf }}</ref>

==用途==
由於其清甜、像草莓的香氣<ref>{{cite web |title=ETHYL METHYLPHENYL GLYCIDATE |url=http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/perchem/ETHYL%20METHYLPHENYLGLYCIDATE.htm |website=chemicalland21 |publisher=chemicalland21 |accessdate=2021-07-10 |language=en |quote=http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/perchem/ETHYL%20METHYLPHENYLGLYCIDATE.htm |archive-date=2010-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100114183611/http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/perchem/ETHYL%20METHYLPHENYLGLYCIDATE.htm }}</ref>，草莓醛可用於[[香水]]、[[食品香料]]和[[化妝品]]的製作。草莓醛最終可用來製作[[肥皂]]、[[洗潔精]]、[[香精]]<ref>{{cite web |title=杨梅醛 Ethyl 3-methyl-3-phenylglycidate |url=http://www.micxy.com/product/detail-9088.html |website=麦卡希试剂 |publisher=麦卡希试剂 |accessdate=2021-07-10 |language=中文 |archive-date=2021-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711230333/http://www.micxy.com/product/detail-9088.html }}</ref>、化妝品<ref>{{cite web |title=Ethyl methylphenylglycidate |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ethyl-methylphenylglycidate#section=Use-Classification |website=PubChem |accessdate=2021-07-10 |language=en |quote=Cosmetics -> Viscosity controlling |archive-date=2022-05-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220507022720/https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ethyl-methylphenylglycidate#section=Use-Classification }}</ref>、[[糖果]]、[[飲料]]、烘培品<ref name="#1"/>等等。

==安全==
有對大鼠的長期高劑量研究表示，草莓醛沒有明顯的不良作用，而且並不致癌<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 7327470 | doi = 10.1016/0015-6264(81)90522-8 | year = 1981 | last1 = Dunnington | first1 = D | last2 = Butterworth | first2 = MRS | last3 = Gaunt | first3 = IF | last4 = Mason | first4 = PL | last5 = Evans | first5 = JG | last6 = Gangolli | first6 = SD | title = Long-term toxicity study of ethyl methylphenylglycidate (strawberry aldehyde) in the rat. | volume = 19 | issue = 6 | pages = 691–9 | journal = [[Food and Cosmetics Toxicology]]}}</ref> 。美國的[[食品藥品監督管理局]]將草莓醛歸類為「[[公認安全]]」( generally recognized as safe)<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.fda.gov/food/foodingredientspackaging/foodadditives/foodadditivelistings/ucm091048.htm#ftnE | title = Food Additive Status List | publisher = [[Food and Drug Administration]] | access-date = 2021-07-10 | archive-date = 2012-01-17 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120117060614/https://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodIngredientsPackaging/FoodAdditives/FoodAdditiveListings/ucm091048.htm#ftnE }}</ref>。

==參考資料==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:乙酯]]
[[Category:环氧化合物]]