查看“︁磷酸钡”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| CustomizedImage= [[File:3.svg|3]]&nbsp;[[File:Ba2+.svg|x50px|Bariumion]]&nbsp;[[File:2.svg|2]]&nbsp;[[File:Phosphat-Ion.svg|Phosphation]]
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
|CASNo=13517-08-3
| EC-number= 236-856-9
| PubChem         = 165803
|SMILES=[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-].[O-]P(=O)([O-])[O-]
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Appearance= 
| Ba=3|P=2|O=8
| Density= 4.1 g·cm<sup>−3</sup><ref>Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: ''Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker.'' Springer, 1998, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0, S.&nbsp;328 ({{Google Buch|BuchID=ssy59etLaksC|Seite=328}}).</ref>
| MeltingPt= 1605 °C<ref name="Radominska">E. Radominska, T. Znamierowska, W. Szuszkiewicz: ''Phase equilibria in the system Rb<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>–Ba<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>''. In: ''[[Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry]]'' '''2011''', ''103''(2). S. 761–766. {{doi|10.1007/s10973-010-0962-y}}</ref>
| BoilingPt= 
|Solubility=
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
|OtherAnions=[[硝酸钡]]
|OtherCations=[[磷酸铍]]<br />[[磷酸镁]]<br />[[磷酸钙]]<br />[[磷酸锶]]
}}
}}

'''磷酸钡'''是[[钡]]的[[磷酸盐]]，化学式 {{chem|Ba|3|(PO|4|)|2}}。

== 制备==
磷酸钡可以由[[磷酸氢钡]]在 900&nbsp;°C 以上热分解成[[焦磷酸钡]]，然后再和[[碳酸钡]]反应并放出[[二氧化碳]]。<ref name="Radominska"/>

:<math>\mathrm{2\ BaHPO_4 \ \xrightarrow {900^{o}C} \ Ba_2P_2O_7 + H_2O \uparrow }</math>

:<math>\mathrm{Ba_2P_2O_7 + BaCO_3 \ \xrightarrow {1300^{o}C} \ Ba_3(PO_4)_2 + CO_2 \uparrow }</math>

它也可以由[[磷酸钠]]和[[氯化钡]]反应而成。<ref name="Berthelot">M. Berthelot: [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3059r/f913.image.r=Comptes%20rendus%20hebdomadaires.langEN ''Recherches sur les phosphates''] {{Wayback|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3059r/f913.image.r=Comptes%20rendus%20hebdomadaires.langEN |date=20210717103103 }}. In: ''Compt. Rend. Hebd.'' '''1886''', ''103'', S. 911.</ref><ref name="Abegg"/>

:<math>\mathrm{3\ BaCl_2 + 2\ Na_3PO_4 \ \longrightarrow \ Ba_3(PO_4)_2 + 6\ NaCl }</math>

磷酸钡也可以由[[磷酸一氢钠]]和氯化钡在[[氨]]存在下反应而成。<ref name="Abegg">R. Abegg, F. Auerbach: [http://www.archive.org/stream/a2handbuchderano02abeguoft#page/282/mode/2up ''Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie'']. Verlag S. Hirzel, Bd. 2, 1908. S.&nbsp;282.</ref><ref name="Rammelsberg">C. Rammelsberg: [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k151537/f393.image.r=poggendorff%20annalen.langEN ''Ueber die Zusammensetzung einiger phosphorsauren Salze''] {{Wayback|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k151537/f393.image.r=poggendorff%20annalen.langEN |date=20210718111011 }}. In: ''Pogg. Ann.'' '''1846''', ''68'', S. 383ff.</ref>

:<math>\mathrm{3\ BaCl_2 + 2\ Na_2HPO_4 + 2\ NH_3 \ \longrightarrow  }</math>
:<math>\mathrm{Ba_3(PO_4)_2 + 4\ NaCl + 2\ NH_4Cl }</math>

== 性质==
磷酸钡有两种[[晶体结构]]，[[相变]]温度为 1360&nbsp;°C 。<ref name="Radominska"/>在低温下，磷酸钡是[[三方晶系]]的，空间群 R3m (No. 160)，[[晶格参数]]a&nbsp;=&nbsp;7.696&nbsp;[[埃格斯特朗|Å]] 和α&nbsp;=&nbsp;42.58°。<ref name="Zachariasen">W. H. Zachariasen: ''The Crystal Structure of the Normal Orthophosphates of Barium and Strontium''. In: ''Acta Cryst.'' '''1948''', ''1'', S. 263–265. {{doi|10.1107/S0365110X48000697}}</ref>这种晶体结构和[[磷酸锶]]一样。<ref name="Zachariasen"/>

== 参考资料==
<references />
{{钡化合物}}
{{磷酸盐}}

[[Category:钡化合物]]
[[Category:磷酸盐]]