查看“︁碳酸铵”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
|   Name = 碳酸铵
|   ImageFile =Ammonium carbonate.svg
|   ImageName = 碳酸铵
|   IUPACName = Ammonium carbonate
|   OtherNames = 碳铵<br>鹿角盐
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 506-87-6
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2 = 16799-91-0
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2_Comment = 一水
|  IUPHAR_ligand  =  4509
|  PubChem  =  517111
|  EC_number  =  233-786-0
|  UNNumber  =  3077
|  UNII_Ref  = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}|  UNII  =  PDP691CN28
|  InChI  =  1/CH2O3.2H3N/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);2*1H3
|  SMILES  =  O=C(O)O.N.N
|  InChIKey  =  PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYAQ
|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/CH2O3.2H3N/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);2*1H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID = 10048
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>
|   MolarMass = 96.09 
|   Appearance = 无色晶体（一水合物）
|   Density = 1.50 g/cm³ (固)
|   Solubility = 100 [[公克|g]]/[[100]][[立方公分|cm<sup>3</sup>]](20°C)，于热水中分解
|   MeltingPt = 
|   BoilingPt = −0.15 °C（分解）<ref>{{cite journal | last=Fortes | first=A.D. | last2=Wood | first2=I.G. | last3=Alfè | first3=D. | author4=E.R. ndez | last5=Gutmann | first5=M.J. | last6=Sparkes | first6=H.A. | title=Structure, hydrogen bonding and thermal expansion of ammonium carbonate monohydrate | journal=Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials | volume=70 | issue=6 | date=2014-12-01 | issn=2052-5206 | doi=10.1107/S205252061402126X | pages=948–962 | url=https://journals.iucr.org/b/issues/2014/06/00/eb5035/index.html | access-date=2021-08-20 | archive-date=2021-08-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820022705/https://journals.iucr.org/b/issues/2014/06/00/eb5035/index.html | dead-url=no }}</ref>
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   CrystalStruct = 正交，''Pnma''（一水合物，100 K）
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/a5688.htm External MSDS]
|   MainHazards = 刺激性
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[硝酸铵]]、[[硫酸铵]]<br />[[氯化铵]]
  }}
}}

'''碳酸铵'''俗称'''碳铵'''，是[[碳酸]]的[[铵]]盐正盐，[[化学式]]为(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>。<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}</ref>

==市售品==
碳酸铵的市售品（CAS号10361-29-2）并非“(NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>”，而是[[碳酸氢铵]]和[[氨基甲酸铵]]的混合物。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reagent.com.cn/goodsDetail/d44f135bb4e041ddb83d87b63ea5e050|title=碳酸铵|publisher=国药集团化学试剂有限公司|accessdate=2021-08-20|archive-date=2021-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820020011/https://www.reagent.com.cn/goodsDetail/d44f135bb4e041ddb83d87b63ea5e050|dead-url=no}}</ref>

==制备及性质==
碳酸铵可由[[氨]]和二氧化碳通入水中制得。<chem>2NH3 + CO2 + H2O -> (NH4)2CO3</chem>

{{cn|30°C时溶液结晶}}。具有强烈刺激性气味，它主要用作[[肥料]]、[[灭火剂]]和洗涤剂。

它接触空气时逐渐失去[[氨]]变为[[碳酸氢铵]]。

<chem>(NH4)2CO3 -> NH4HCO3 + NH3 ^</chem>

在60°C左右即迅速离解为氨、二氧化碳和水。

<chem>(NH4)2CO3 -> 2NH3 ^ + CO2 ^ + H2O</chem>

==参见==
*[[碳酸氢铵]]

==参考资料==
<references/>

[[Category:碳酸盐]]
[[Category:铵盐]]
[[Category:化學肥料]]

{{Inorganic-compound-stub}}