查看“︁碘化银”︁的源代码

{{Request translation|time=2021-03-15T09:24:22+00:00}}
{{Unreferenced|time=2021-03-15T09:24:22+00:00}}
{{Chembox
| Name = 碘化银
| ImageFile1 = AgI sample.jpg
| ImageSize1 = 250px
| ImageName1 = 碘化银
| ImageFile2 = Silver-iodide-3D-balls.png
| ImageName2 = Silver-iodide-3D
| OtherNames = 碘化银（I）
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 7783-96-2
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID  =  22969
|  UNII_Ref  = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}|  UNII  =  81M6Z3D1XE
|  InChI  =  1/Ag.HI/h;1H/q+1;/p-1
|  InChIKey  =  MSFPLIAKTHOCQP-REWHXWOFAV
|  SMILES  =  [Ag]I
|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/Ag.HI/h;1H/q+1;/p-1
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  MSFPLIAKTHOCQP-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|  EINECS  =  232-038-0
|  PubChem  =  6432717
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = AgI
| MolarMass = 234.773
| Appearance = 黄色晶体
| Density = 5.675 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Solubility = 难溶：2.14 × 10<sup>-7</sup>g/100mL (20&nbsp;°C)
| MeltingPt = 552&nbsp;°C
| BoilingPt = 1506&nbsp;°C
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -62.4 [[kJ]]/mol (1 atm)
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = 未列明
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-F = 0}}
}}
'''碘化银'''（AgI）为[[碘]]和[[银]]的[[化合物]]，黄色粉末（~558&nbsp;°C分解），见光分解，并大量吸热，先变灰后变黑，不溶于[[水]]和[[氨水]]，用于照相术和[[人工降雨]]的晶核。

== 制备 ==

碘化银可以通过[[硝酸银]]与[[碘化钾]]反应获得<ref name="硝酸银溶液与碘化钾溶液反应的实验探究与思考">郑玉海  张军  吴文中''硝酸银溶液与碘化钾溶液反应的实验探究与思考.'' </ref>，同时会产生[[硝酸钾]]，化学反应方程式为：
:<chem>AgNO3 + KI ->  AgI v + KNO3</chem>

也可以通过硝酸银与[[氢碘酸]]反应，生成碘化银与[[硝酸]]:
:<chem>AgNO3 + HI ->  AgI v + HNO3</chem>

或者说是银[[阳离子]]与碘[[阴离子]]反应（只不过银离子通常由硝酸银提供）:
:<chem>Ag+ + I- -> AgI v</chem>

或者银单质直接与氢碘酸反应，生成碘化银与[[氢气]]:
:<chem>Ag + HI ->  2AgI v + H2 ^</chem>

== 性质 ==

作为银的[[卤化物]]，碘化银易遇光分解, 其遇光分解会产生[[碘]]与[[銀|银]]单质，化学反应方程式为：
:<chem display="inline">2AgI  ->[light] 2Ag  + I2  </chem>

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}

{{Inorganic-compound-stub}}
{{银化合物}}
{{碘化合物}}

[[Category:碘化物]]
[[Category:卤化银]]
[[Category:照相药品]]
[[Category:人工影响天气]]
[[Category:抗菌防腐药]]
[[Category:光敏化学品]]
[[Category:具有可逆热致变色效应的物质]]