查看“︁碘化钡”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 455115611
| Name = 
| ImageFile1 = Cotunnite structure.png
| Reference = <ref name="hand">
{{Citation
 | last = Lide
 | first = David R.
 | year = 1998
 | title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
 | edition = 87
 | location = Boca Raton, FL
 | publisher = CRC Press
 | isbn = 0-8493-0594-2
 | pages = 4–44}}</ref>
| IUPACName = Barium iodide
| OtherNames = 
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| PubChem = 83684
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 75507
| SMILES = [Ba+2].[I-].[I-]
| InChI = 1/Ba.2HI/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
| InChIKey = SGUXGJPBTNFBAD-NUQVWONBAS
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/Ba.2HI/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = SGUXGJPBTNFBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 13718-50-8
| CASNo_Comment = 无水
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2 = 7787-33-9
| CASNo2_Comment = 二水
| CASNo3_Ref = {{cascite|correct|NIH}}
| CASNo3 = 13477-15-1
| CASNo3_Comment = 六水
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = WKC4T7680A
| RTECS = 
| EINECS = 237-276-9
  }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = BaI<sub>2</sub> (无水) <br/> BaI<sub>2</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O (二水)
| MolarMass = 391.136 g/mol (无水) <br/> 427.167 g/mol (二水)
| Appearance = 白色晶体(无水) <br />无色晶体 (二水)
| Odor = 无
| Density = 5.15 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (无水)<br/> 4.916 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (二水)
| Solubility = 166.7 g/100 mL (0 °C) <br /> 221 g/100 mL (20 °C) <br /> 246.6 g/100 mL (70 °C)
| MeltingPtC = 711
| MeltingPt_notes = (无水) <br/> 分解于 740&nbsp;°C (二水)
| BoilingPt = 
| pKa = 
| pKb = 
| Viscosity = 
| SolubleOther = 可溶于[[乙醇]]和[[丙酮]]
| MagSus = -124.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
  }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = 
| Coordination = 
| CrystalStruct = [[正交晶系]], [[Pearson symbol|oP12]]
|SpaceGroup = Pnma, No. 62
| Dipole =
  }}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -602.1 [[kJ/mol|kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>]]
| DeltaHc = 
| Entropy = 
| HeatCapacity = 
 }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS =
| MainHazards = 有毒
| FlashPt =
| RPhrases = 
| SPhrases = 
  }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[氟化钡]]<br/>[[氯化钡]]<br/>[[溴化钡]]
| OtherCations = [[碘化铍]]<br/>[[碘化镁]]<br/>[[碘化钙]]<br/>[[碘化锶]]
| OtherCpds = 
 }}
}}

'''碘化鋇'''（英文：Barium iodide）是分子式為BaI<sub>2</sub>的[[無機化合物]]，為白色[[固體]]。分兩種型態，一種是[[水合物]]，另一種是[[無水物]]，都是白色的[[固體]]，无水物可由含水碘化鋇加熱得到。

== 制备==
碘化钡可以由[[氢碘酸]]和[[碳酸钡]]反应而成：<ref name="Abegg">R. Abegg, F. Auerbach: ''Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie''. Bd. 2, Verlag S. Hirzel, 1908. S.&nbsp;256ff. ([http://www.archive.org/stream/a2handbuchderano02abeguoft#page/256/mode/2up/search/barium Volltext]).</ref>

:<math>\mathrm{BaCO_3 + 2\ HI \longrightarrow  BaI_2\ + H_2O + CO_2 \uparrow }</math>

它也可以由[[氢氧化钡]]、[[碘]]和还原剂（如[[磷]]或[[亚硫酸]]）反应而成。<ref name="Abegg"/>

[[氢化钡]]和[[碘化铵]]在[[吡啶]]中反应，也能获得碘化钡：<ref name="brauer">{{cite book | last=Baudler | first=Marianne | title=Handbuch der präparativen anorganischen Chemie Bd. 2. / Unter Mitarb. von M. Baudler ... | publication-place=Stuttgart | date=1978 | isbn=978-3-432-87813-3 | oclc=310719490 | language=de |page=923}}</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{BaH_2 + 2 \ NH_4I \longrightarrow BaI_2 + 2 \ NH_3 + 2 H_2}</math>

==结构==
无水碘化钡的结构类似[[氯化铅]]<ref>Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. {{ISBN|0-19-855370-6}}.</ref> 和 BaCl<sub>2</sub>。<ref>Brackett, E. B.; Brackett, T. E.; Sass, R. L.; The Crystal Structures of Barium Chloride, Barium Bromide, and Barium Iodide. J. Phys. Chem., 1963, volume 67, 2132 – 2135</ref>

==反应==
无水 BaI<sub>2</sub> 可以由金属钡和[[1,2-二碘乙烷]]在[[乙醚]]里反应而成。<ref>Duval, E.; Zoltobroda, G.; Langlois, Y.; A new preparation of BaI2: application to (Z)-enol ether synthesis. Tetrahedron Letters, 2000, 41, 337-339</ref>

BaI<sub>2</sub> 会和烷基钾反应，形成[[有机钡化合物]]。<ref>Walter, M. D.; Wolmershauser, G.; Sitzmann, H.; Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Ytterbium Complexes with Cyclooctatetraenyl or Cyclononatetraenyl Ligands. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127 (49), 17494 – 17503.</ref>

BaI<sub>2</sub> 可以被联苯基[[锂]]还原，形成高活性的钡金属。<ref>Yanagisawa, A.; Habaue, S.; Yasue, K.; Yamamoto, H.; Allylbarium Reagents: Unprecedented Regio- and Stereoselective Allylation Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds. J. Am. Chem. Soc.1994, 116,6130-6141</ref>

==危险性==
类似其它可溶[[钡]]盐，碘化钡有毒。

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}
{{碘化合物}}
{{鋇化合物}}

[[Category:碘化物]]
[[Category:碱土金属卤化物]]
[[Category:钡化合物]]