查看“︁硫酸镉”︁的源代码

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{{chembox
|   Reference = <ref name="BGIA GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=3340|CAS=10124-36-4|Datum=9. April 2009}}</ref><ref>Hedinger: [http://www.hedinger.de/uploads/media/Cadmiumsulfat_v004.pdf Cadmiumsulfat MSDS]{{dead link|date=2018年4月 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|   Name = 硫酸镉
|   ImageFile = Cadmium sulfate hydrate.JPG
|   ImageSize = 
|   ImageName = 
|   IUPACName = Cadmium(II) sulfate
|   OtherNames = 硫酸镉(II)
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 10124-36-4
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo1 = 7790-84-3
| CASNo1_Comment = 一水
| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CASNo2 = 15244-35-6
| CASNo2_Comment = 八水
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
|    EINECS  =  233-331-6
|    RTECS  =  EV2700000
|    UNNumber  =  2570
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID  =  23335
|  UNII_Ref  = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}|  UNII  =  947UNF3Z6O
|  InChI  =  1/Cd.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
|  ChEBI_Ref  = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}|  ChEBI  =  50292
|  SMILES  =  [Cd+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
|  InChIKey  =  QCUOBSQYDGUHHT-NUQVWONBAG
|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/Cd.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  QCUOBSQYDGUHHT-UHFFFAOYSA-L
|  PubChem  =  24962
|  PubChem_Comment  = 无水
|  PubChem3  =  16211218
|  PubChem3_Comment  =八水
|  PubChem1  =  23618914
|  PubChem1_Comment  = 四水
|  ChEBI3  =  86157
|  ChEBI3_Comment  =八水
|  Gmelin  =  8295
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = CdSO<sub>4</sub> <br /> CdSO<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O (一水合物) <br /> 3CdSO<sub>4</sub>·8H<sub>2</sub>O (八水合物)
|   MolarMass1 = 208.47 g/mol (无水物) <br /> 226.490 g/mol (一水合物) <br /> 769.546 g/mol (八水合物)
|   Appearance = 无色吸湿固体
|   Density = 4.691 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (无水物) <br /> 3.79 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (一水合物) <br /> 3.08 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (八水合物) <ref>Pradyot Patnaik. ''Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals''. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8</ref>
|   Solubility = ''无水物：'' <br /> 75 g/100 mL (0&nbsp;°C) <br /> 76.4 g/100 mL (25&nbsp;°C) <br /> 58.4 g/100 mL (99&nbsp;°C) <hr /> ''八水合物：'' <br />极易溶
|   SolOther = 不溶于[[乙醇]]
|   MeltingPt = 1000&nbsp;°C (无水物) <br /> 105&nbsp;°C (一水合物) <br /> 40&nbsp;°C (八水合物)
|   BoilingPt = 分解
|   pKa = 
|   pKb = 
|   Viscosity = 
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   MolShape = 
|   Coordination = 
|   CrystalStruct = [[斜方晶系]] (无水物) <br /> [[单斜晶系]] (八水合物)
|   Dipole =
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS =[https://web.archive.org/web/20080907181930/http://www.vinquiry.com/pdf/MSDS/CADMIUMSULFATE.pdf]
|   EUClass = [[致癌物質|第二类致癌物]]<br />[[突變原|第二类诱变剂]]<br />第二类生殖毒性<br />剧毒 ('''T+''')<br />对环境危险 ('''N''')
|   EUIndex = 048-009-00-9
|   RPhrases = {{R45}}, {{R46}}, {{R60}}, {{R61}}, {{R25}}, {{R26}}, {{R48/23/25}}, {{R50/53}}
|   SPhrases = {{S53}}, {{S45}}, {{S60}}, {{S61}}
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[醋酸镉]],<br />[[氯化镉]],<br />[[硝酸镉]]
|   OtherCations = [[硫酸锌]],<br />[[硫酸钙]],<br />[[硫酸镁]]
  }}
}}

'''硫酸镉'''，化学式CdSO<sub>4</sub>，常为水合物 3CdSO<sub>4</sub>·8H<sub>2</sub>O 的形式存在。

== 性质 ==
无色无气味[[单斜]]结晶，溶于水，不溶于[[乙醇]]、[[乙醚]]和[[乙酸]]。易[[风化]]。剧毒！

== 制备 ==
1、金属[[镉]]、蒸馏水和[[硫酸]]在反应器中，30％[[过氧化氢]]存在下进行反应，然后再经过滤、浓缩结晶、离心分离和干燥，制得硫酸镉成品。
:<math>\rm \ Cd+H_2SO_4 \ \xrightarrow {H_2O_2} \ CdSO_4+2H_2O</math>

2、[[氧化镉]]溶于硫酸，除杂质，经蒸发结晶、离心分离、50&nbsp;°C以下干燥，制得硫酸镉。
:<math>\rm \ CdO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CdSO_4+H_2O</math>

== 用途 ==
塑料工业中用作[[聚氯乙烯]]的防老剂。电池工业中用作[[镉电池]]、[[韦斯顿电池]]和其他标准电池中的电解质。医药工业中用作[[角膜炎]]等洗眼水中的防腐剂和收敛剂。化学分析中，用作[[马氏试砷法]]中的催化剂，以用于检测[[硫化氢]]和[[反丁烯二酸]]；还用于标准镉元素和其他镉盐的制造。也用于镉肥生产。

== 毒性 ==
硫酸镉为剧毒物，其粉尘或烟尘可引起中毒，影响呼吸系统、消化系统和神经系统。工作人员操作时，需带强制送空气的软管式防毒面具、防护眼镜，穿着光滑织品制成的无缝长工作服或连衫裤，戴橡皮手套和围裙。操作期间和操作后漱口。

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}

{{镉化合物}}
{{硫酸盐}}

[[Category:镉化合物]]
[[Category:硫酸盐]]