查看“︁硫酸铁”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 451998549
| Name = 硫酸铁
| ImageFile = Síran železitý.JPG
| ImageSize = 250px
| ImageName = 无水硫酸铁（可能是六水合物）
| IUPACName = Iron(III) sulfate
| IUPACNameZh = 硫酸铁(III)
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 23211
| InChI = 1/2Fe.3H2O4S/c;;3*1-5(2,3)4/h;;3*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+3;;;/p-6
| InChIKey = RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-CYFPFDDLAR
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 53438
| SMILES = [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/2Fe.3H2O4S/c;;3*1-5(2,3)4/h;;3*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q2*+3;;;/p-6
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 10028-22-5 
|   CASOther = 15244-10-7 (一水) 
|   PubChem = 24826
|   RTECS = NO8505000
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>
|   MolarMass = 399.88 g/mol (无水)<br />489.96 g/mol (五水) <br> 562.00 g/mol (九水)
|   Appearance = 灰白色晶体
|   Solubility = 可溶
|   SolubleOther = 难溶于醇，可以忽略不计在丙酮 ， 乙酸乙酯 ，难溶于硫酸,硝酸,氨,氫氧化鈉 上述溶液中,可微溶於PH<1.7的酸中,超過1.7溶解量也很小
|   MeltingPt = 480&nbsp;°C (无水) <br /> 175&nbsp;°C (九水)
|   Density = 3.097 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (无水) <br>1.898 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (五水)
|   RefractIndex = 1.814 (无水) <br> 1.552 (九水)
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   EUIndex = 未列出
|   MainHazards =
|   RPhrases = 
|   SPhrases = 
|   FlashPt = 
|   ExternalMSDS = 
|   NFPA-H = 1
|   NFPA-F = 0
|   NFPA-R = 0
|   LD50 = 500 mg/kg (大鼠，口服)
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|  Function = 
|  OtherAnions = [[硒酸铁]]
|  OtherCations = [[硫酸钴(III)]]
|  OtherCpds = [[硫酸亚铁]]
|  OtherFunctn =  }}

}}

'''硫酸铁'''是[[铁]](III)的[[硫酸盐]]，化学式为Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>。无水物存在[[单斜晶系|单斜]]<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials|volume=141|issue=1-6|issn=2196-7105|date=1975-01-01|doi=10.1524/zkri.1975.141.16.233|url=http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/zkri.1975.141.issue-1-6/zkri.1975.141.16.233/zkri.1975.141.16.233.xml|title=The crystal structure of the monoclinic Fe2(SO4)3|accessdate=2019-09-15|author=P. C. Christidis, P. J. Rentzeperis|archive-date=2018-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180626234242/https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/zkri.1975.141.issue-1-6/zkri.1975.141.16.233/zkri.1975.141.16.233.xml|dead-url=no}}</ref>和[[菱方晶系|菱方]]<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials|volume=144|issue=1-6|issn=2196-7105|date=1976-01-01|doi=10.1524/zkri.1976.144.16.341|url=http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/zkri.1976.144.issue-1-6/zkri.1976.144.16.341/zkri.1976.144.16.341.xml|title=The crystal structure of rhombohedral Fe2(SO4)3|accessdate=2019-09-15|author=P . J . Rentzeperis, P. C. Christidis|archive-date=2018-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180611043847/https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/zkri.1976.144.issue-1-6/zkri.1976.144.16.341/zkri.1976.144.16.341.xml|dead-url=no}}</ref>两种晶型。其水合物可溶于水。它被用作媒染剂以及工业废水的凝结剂，也用于颜料中。<ref>[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-ferricsu.html ferric sulfate] {{Wayback|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-ferricsu.html |date=20080120143806 }}. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Retrieved November, 2007.</ref>医药上用硫酸铁作[[收敛剂]]和[[止血剂]]。<ref>[http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?ferric+sulfate Ferric sulfate] {{Wayback|url=http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?ferric+sulfate |date=20080926031235 }}. Online medical dictionary. Retrieved November, 2007</ref>

中国一些厂家的硫酸铁试剂通常为含铁量21~23%的“Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>·xH<sub>2</sub>O”，即x≈6，相对分子质量约为507.73。

==制备==
硫酸铁可通过硫酸、[[硫酸亚铁]]热溶液与氧化剂如[[硝酸]]或[[过氧化氢]]反应得到。<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-3562/iron#93315.hook Iron compounds] {{Wayback|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-3562/iron#93315.hook |date=20080429082319 }}. Encyclopædia Britannica Article. Retrieved November, 2007</ref>

:<math>\rm 2FeSO_4 + H_2SO_4 + H_2O_2 {=\!=\!=\!=} Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 2H_2O</math>

其五水合物Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>可以从含有硫酸的水溶液中通过降温结晶得到。<ref>{{cite journal|journal=American Mineralogist|volume=90|issue=2-3|language=en|issn=0003-004X|date=2005-02-01|pages=411–416|doi=10.2138/am.2005.1701|url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ammin/article/90/2-3/411-416/44389|title=The crystal structures of synthetics Fe2(SO4)3(H2O)5 and the type specimen of lausenite|accessdate=2019-09-15|author=J. Majzlan}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Majzlan|first1=Juraj|last2=Navrotsky|first2=Alexandra|last3=McCleskey|first3=R. Blaine|last4=Alpers|first4=Charles N.|title=Thermodynamic properties and crystal structure refinement of ferricopiapite, coquimbite, rhomboclase, and Fe2(SO4)3(H2O)5|journal=European Journal of Mineralogy|volume=18|issue=2|year=2006|pages=175–186|issn=0935-1221|doi=10.1127/0935-1221/2006/0018-0175|url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/eurjmin/article-abstract/18/2/175/62316/thermodynamic-properties-and-crystal-structure?redirectedFrom=fulltext|access-date=2019-09-15|archive-date=2021-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803025457/https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/eurjmin/article-abstract/18/2/175/62316/thermodynamic-properties-and-crystal-structure?redirectedFrom=fulltext|dead-url=no}}</ref>在不同条件下还可以得到其它水合物Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O（n=7.75和9）<ref>{{cite journal|journal=American Mineralogist|volume=94|issue=11-12|language=en|issn=0003-004X|date=2009-11-01|pages=1620–1628|doi=10.2138/am.2009.3179|url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ammin/article/94/11-12/1620-1628/44844|title=Thermodynamic and crystallographic properties of kornelite [Fe2(SO4)3{middle dot} 7.75H2O] and paracoquimbite [Fe2(SO4)3{middle dot}9H2O]|accessdate=2019-09-15|author=S. Ackermann, B. Lazic, T. Armbruster, S. Doyle, K.-D. Grevel, J. Majzlan}}</ref>和酸式盐(H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)Fe(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O、Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>·28H<sub>2</sub>O等化合物。<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Schmidt|first1=Horst|last2=Hennings|first2=Erik|last3=Zürner|first3=Philipp|last4=Voigt|first4=Wolfgang|title=Fe2(SO4)3·H2SO4·28H2O, a low-temperature water-rich iron(III) sulfate|journal=Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications|volume=69|issue=4|year=2013|pages=330–333|issn=0108-2701|doi=10.1107/S0108270113005969}}</ref>

==参考资料==
{{reflist|30em}}

==外部链接==
*[http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/f1358.htm 安全资料页] {{Wayback|url=http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/f1358.htm |date=20110611131520 }}

{{Iron compounds}}
{{硫酸盐}}

[[Category:硫酸鹽]]
[[Category:三价铁化合物]]