查看“︁硫酸钴”︁的源代码

{{chembox 
| Reference = <ref name="BGIA">{{GESTIS|Name=Cobalt(II)-sulfat|ZVG=1840|CAS=10124-43-3|Datum=13.1.2008}}</ref>
| Name = 硫酸钴
| ImageFile = Cobaltsulfat.JPG
| ImageSize = 
| ImageName = 硫酸钴
| IUPACName = Cobalt(II) sulfate
| OtherNames = 硫酸钴(II)
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 10124-43-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo_Comment = 无水

| CASNo1 = 13455-34-0
| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo1_Comment = 一水
| CASNo2 = 25215-19-4
| CASNo2_Comment =  六水
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo3 = 10026-24-1
| CASNo3_Comment = 七水
| CASNo3_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  EINECS  =  233-334-2
|  PubChem  =  24965
|  InChI  =  
|  RTECS  =  GG3100000 (无水物) <br> GG3200000 (七水合物)
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID  =  23338
|  ChEBI_Ref  = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}|  ChEBI  =  53470
|  SMILES  =  [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
|  UNII_Ref  = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}|  UNII  =  H7965X29HX
|  InChIKey  =  KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-NUQVWONBAJ
|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/Co.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = CoSO<sub>4</sub>
|   MolarMass1 = 154.996 g/mol (无水物) <br /> 173.01 g/mol (一水合物) <br /> 281.103 g/mol (七水合物)
|   Appearance = 粉红色晶体 (无水物/一水合物) <br /> 紅色晶体 (七水合物)
|   Density = 3.71 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (无水物) <br /> 3.08 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (一水合物) <br /> 2.03 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (七水合物) <ref>Pradyot Patnaik. ''Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals''. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398</ref>
|   Solubility = 36.2 g/100 ml (20°C)
|   MeltingPt = 735 °C (无水物) <br> 74 °C (七水合物)
|   BoilingPt = 
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/englishhtml/C4972.htm JT Baker MSDS]
| EUIndex = 027-005-00-0
|   EUClass = [[致癌物質|第二类致癌物]]<br />[[突變原|第二类诱变剂]]<br />第二类生殖毒性<br />有毒 ('''T''')<br />对环境危险 ('''N''')
|   RPhrases = {{R49}}, {{R60}}, {{R22}}, {{R42/43}}, {{R68}}, {{R50/53}}
|   Sphrases = {{S53}}, {{S45}}, {{S60}}, {{S61}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-O =
| FlashPt = 不可燃
| LD50 = 582 mg/kg (七水合物)<ref name="Merck">[http://chemdat.merck.de/documents/sds/emd/deu/de/1025/102556.pdf Sicherheitsdatenblatt (Merck)]</ref>
| PEL = 
  }}
}}

'''硫酸钴'''，化学式CoSO<sub>4</sub>，常为七水合物（CoSO<sub>4</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O）的形式。

==性质==
七水物为桃红色[[单斜]]结晶，溶于水和[[甲醇]]，微溶于[[乙醇]]，不溶于[[氨]]。在空气中易[[风化]]。加热至420°C时失去七个结晶水。

==存在==
硫酸钴很少以自然的狀態存在於自然界中
*biebierite（七水物）
*[[水镍钴矾]]（moorhouseite，(Co,Ni,Mn)SO<sub>4</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O）
*[[四水钴矾]]（aplowite，(Co,Mn,Ni)SO<sub>4</sub>·4H<sub>2</sub>O）和
*cobaltkieserite（一水物）
等矿石中，也以少量存在于含钴矿物[[辉砷钴矿]]和[[方钴矿]]中。

==制备==
1、将金属[[钴]]溶于[[硫酸]]与[[硝酸]]的混酸中，用蒸汽加热至沸，反应后经浓缩结晶、分离母液，制得硫酸钴成品。
:<math>\rm \ 3Co+2HNO_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow 3CoSO_4+2NO\uparrow +4H_2O</math>

2、将[[一氧化钴]]溶于[[硫酸]]中，溶液经蒸发浓缩、结晶、离心脱水，制得硫酸钴。
:<math>\rm \ CoO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CoSO_4+H_2O</math>

==用途==
用作钴铁磁性材料、彩色瓷器的釉药、碱性蓄电池的添加剂、钴电镀液成分、化学分析试剂和催化剂等。

在动物饲养过程中，硫酸钴可作为饲料添加剂，以改善牲畜的[[贫血]]等相关症状。<ref>王桂芹.放牧羊微量元素钴营养缺乏的诊断及其防治的研究[D].吉林农业大学,1999.</ref>

==毒性==
吸入钴化合物粉尘有时会导致哮喘。有实验表明硫酸钴对小鼠有毒性和轻微的致癌性，<ref>{{cite journal en | url = http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/1/56 | title = Inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity studies of cobalt sulfate | author = JR Bucher, JR Hailey, JR Roycroft, JK Haseman, RC Sills, SL Grumbein, PW Mellick and BJ Chou | journal = [[Toxicological Sciences]] | volume = 49 | issue = 1 | pages = 56 | access-date = 2009-11-24 | archive-date = 2009-09-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090912223615/http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/49/1/56 | dead-url = no }}</ref>对[[沙門氏菌]]亦有致诱变性质，<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://potency.berkeley.edu/chempages/COBALT%20SULFATE%20HEPTAHYDRATE.html |title=Cobalt sulfate heptahydrate: Carcinogenic Potency Database<!-- Bot generated title --> |accessdate=2009-11-24 |archive-date=2012-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207105004/http://potency.berkeley.edu/chempages/COBALT%20SULFATE%20HEPTAHYDRATE.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>因此工作人员在操作时需要注意，应穿戴防毒口罩、防尘工作服和防护手套。

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

{{钴化合物}}
{{硫酸盐}}

[[Category:二价钴化合物]]
[[Category:硫酸盐]]