查看“︁硫酸四氨合銅”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 447611336
| ImageFile1 = CuN4aq.png
| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of the Tetraamminecopper(II) cation
| ImageFile2 = Copper tetrammine sulfate.jpg
| IUPACName = Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate monohydrate
| OtherNames = cuprammonium(II) sulfate; cupric sulfate, ammoniated
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 14283-05-7
| PubChem =  61513
| SMILES = }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = [Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>n</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub>
| MolarMass =  227.735（无水）<BR>245.751（一水）
| Appearance = 深藍紫色的溶液或晶體
| Density = 1.81 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 
| BoilingPt = 
| Solubility = 18.5 g/100 g (21.5 °C)<ref name=Brauer/> }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = 
| FlashPt = 
| Autoignition = }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   wxxfh={{wxxfh|Xi}}
|   RPhrases = {{R36/37/38}}
|   SPhrases = {{S26}}, {{S37/39}}
  }}
}}

'''硫酸四氨合铜(II)'''（{{lang-en|Tetraamminecopper(II) sulfate}}）是化學式為[Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>n</sub>]SO<sub>4</sub>的無機化合物，常溫下為深藍色的固體，是[[配合物]]。硫酸四氨合铜和[[Schweizer試劑]]有關，後者在製造[[嫘縈]]時用來製造[[纖維素]]的纖維。

==製備，結構及性質==
硫酸四氨合铜可以將濃[[氨水]]溶液加入[[飽和溶液|飽和]]的[[硫酸銅]]水溶液中，之後再加入[[乙醇]]使硫酸四氨合铜沉澱。

:<math>\mathrm{CuSO_4 + 4 \ NH_3 + H_2O \longrightarrow \ {[Cu(NH_3)}_{4}]SO_4 \cdot \ H_2O}</math>

在空氣中硫酸四氨合铜會[[水解]]，放出[[氨氣]]<ref name=Brauer>O. Glemser,  H. Sauer "Tetraamminecopper (II) Sulfate" Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed., Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 1021.</ref>。

固態的硫酸四氨合铜含有[Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O]<sup>2+</sup>離子，其[[分子结构]]為[[四方錐]]形，Cu-N及Cu-O距離約為210及233pm<ref>Morosin "The Crystal Structures of Copper Tetraammine Complexes. A. Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>SO<sub>4</sub><sup>.</sup>H<sub>2</sub>O and Cu(NH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>SeO<sub>4</sub>"  Acta Cryst. 1969, vol.  B25, pp. 19-30.  {{doi|10.1107/S0567740869001725}}</ref>。

==腐蝕==
當[[黃銅]]及[[銅合金]]受到氨腐蝕時，會出現深藍色的四氨合銅[[配合物]]，後續會產生材料的龜裂。此問題首次發現是因為[[彈殼]]儲存場所附近有量的動物糞便。這種腐蝕現象稱為[[季裂]]。
  
[[File:Tetramminecopper sulfate.JPG|thumb|硫酸四氨合铜的氨溶液]]

==參考資料==
{{reflist}}

==外部連結==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080302034606/http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/27.html National Pollutant Inventory - Copper and compounds fact sheet]
*[https://secure.strem.com/catalog/printer.php?type=msds&catalog_number=29-6600 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)] {{Wayback|url=https://secure.strem.com/catalog/printer.php?type=msds&catalog_number=29-6600 |date=20120225113455 }}

{{硫酸盐}}

[[Category:铜配合物]]
[[Category:硫酸盐]]
[[Category:氨配合物]]