查看“︁硫化锂”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 396507410
| IUPACName = Lithium hydrosulfide
| ImageFile = Sodium-oxide-unit-cell-3D-balls-B.png
| ImageSize = 250
| PIN = Lithium sulfide
| Image =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| SMILES1 = [Li+].[Li+].[S-2]
| InChI = 1S/2Li.S/q2*+1;-2
| InChIKey1 = GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 12136-58-2
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 10290727
| PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite}}
| ChemSpiderID = 8466196
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| EINECS = 235-228-1
| RTECS = OJ6439500
| SMILES = [Li+].[Li+].[S-2]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/2Li.S/q2*+1;-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = GLNWILHOFOBOFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Li<sub>2</sub>S
| MolarMass = 45.95
| Appearance = 白色固體
| Density = 1.66 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 938 °C (1211 K)
| BoilingPt = 1372 °C (1645 K)
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = [[反萤石型]] (立方)，[[皮尔逊符号|''cF12'']]
| SpaceGroup = Fm<u style="text-decoration:overline">3</u>m, No. 225
| Coordination = 四面体 (Li<sup>+</sup>)；八面体 (S<sup>2–</sup>)
| LattConst_a =
| LattConst_alpha =
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -9.401 kJ/g
| DeltaHc =
| Entropy =
| HeatCapacity =
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.espi-metals.com/msds%27s/Lithium%20Sulfide.htm 英文]{{·}}[http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/Chinese/12839.pdf 中文]
| EUIndex = 未列出
| EUHazardSymbol = {{Chembox EUHazardSymbol|C}}<ref>[http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_CN_CB7245998.htm 硫化锂]</ref>
| EUClass =
| RPhrases =
| SPhrases =
| MainHazards =
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 1
| NFPA-R = 1
| NFPA-O =
| FlashPt =
| Autoignition =
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[氧化鋰]]、[[硒化鋰]]、[[硒化锂]]、[[碲化锂]]、[[釙化锂]]
| OtherCations = [[硫化鈉]]<br>[[硫化鉀]]<br>[[硫化銣]]<br>[[硫化銫]]<br>[[硫化鈁]]
| OtherFunctn =
| Function =
| OtherCpds = [[氫化鋰]]
  }}
}}
'''硫化锂'''（Li<sub>2</sub>S），为[[锂]]的[[硫化物]]。
== 性质 ==

白色至黄色晶体。在空气中吸收水分并水解，放出[[硫化氢]]气体。易溶于水，能溶于[[乙醇]]。具[[反萤石型]]结构。可被酸分解放出硫化氢；可与[[硝酸]]剧烈反应，但[[氢溴酸]]与[[氢碘酸]]只有在加热的情况下才能将其分解。与[[浓硫酸]]反应很缓慢，但同稀硫酸剧烈反应。300°C时，被氧气氧化，生成[[硫酸锂]]但不生成[[二氧化硫]]。

: <math>\ Li_2S+2O_2\rightarrow Li_2SO_4</math>

== 制备 ==

硫化锂可通过多种方法制取。过去曾用锂与硫单质共同加热进行反应，以及在加热条件下用碳或氢气还原硫酸锂的方法来制取硫化锂。后来发现锂与硫在[[液氨]]中作用，或[[乙氧基锂]]分解[[硫氢化锂]]的乙醇加合物都可以制得硫化锂。此后有人用[[戊氧基锂]]与[[硫化氢]]反应先制得硫氢化锂，再使硫氢化锂在真空加热分解来制备硫化锂。

高质量的无水硫化锂可通过在[[四氢呋喃]]中令金属锂与[[硫化氢]]反应而制得。

== 用途 ==

为可充电[[锂离子电池]]中的潜在电解质材料。

== 参见 ==

* [[氧化锂]]
* [[硫化钠]]、[[硫化钾]]
* [[硫氢化锂]]

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}
{{鋰化合物}}
{{硫化物}}

[[Category:鋰化合物]]
[[Category:硫化物]]
[[Category:缺少物质图片的化学品条目]]