查看“︁硝酸锌”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| Name = 硝酸锌
| ImageFile = Zinc nitrate.svg
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageFile2 = Dusičnan zinečnatý.JPG
| ImageName = 硝酸锌
| IUPACName = Zinc nitrate
| OtherNames =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 7779-88-6
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo_Comment = 无水
| CASNo1 = 19154-63-3
| CASNo1_Comment =  四水
| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2 = 10196-18-6
| CASNo2_Comment =  六水
| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|    EINECS  =  231-943-8
|    UNNumber  =  1514
|    RTECS  =  ZH4772000 
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID  =  22926
|  PubChem  =  24518
|  InChI  =  1/2NO3.Zn/c2*2-1(3)4;/q2*-1;+2
|  InChIKey  =  ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYAQ
|  SMILES  =  [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Zn+2]
|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/2NO3.Zn/c2*2-1(3)4;/q2*-1;+2
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = Zn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
|   MolarMass1 = 189.36 g/mol (无水物) <br> 297.49 g/mol (六水合物)
|   Appearance = 无色易潮解结晶
|   Density = 2.065 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (六水合物)
|   Solubility = 327 g/100 mL, 40 °C (四水合物) <br> 184.3 g/100 ml, 20 °C (六水合物)
|   SolOther = 易溶于[[醇]]
|   MeltingPt = 110 °C (无水物) <br> 45.5 °C (四水合物) <br> 36.4 °C (六水合物)
|   BoilingPt = 125 °C, 分解 (六水合物)
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc12/icsc1206.htm ICSC 1206]
|   EUClass = 氧化性 ('''O''')<br />有害 ('''Xn''')
|   RPhases = {{R8}}, {{R22}}, {{R36/37/38}}
|   SPhases = {{S26}}
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[硫酸锌]]<br/>[[氯化锌]]
|   OtherCations = [[硝酸镉]]<br/>[[硝酸汞]]
|   OtherCpds = [[硝酸铜]]
  }}
}}

'''硝酸锌'''是一种[[无机化合物]]，化学式为Zn(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>，是易溶于水的无色晶体。

==性质==
硝酸锌是一种无色[[四方晶系]]结晶，易[[潮解]]，溶于水和[[乙醇]]，水溶液呈酸性。加热至105～131°C失去6个结晶水，继续加热则放出[[氧化氮]]气体，先转变为[[碱式盐]] <math>\rm \ Zn(NO_3)_2\cdot 3Zn(OH)_2</math>，然后形成[[氧化锌]]。与有机物接触可引起燃烧和爆炸。有毒！<ref name="zghg">中国化工产品大全 上卷，Bc226 硝酸锌，页214</ref>

==制备==
由[[氧化锌]]与[[硝酸]]按一定配比进行反应，加入锌粉以置换其他金属离子，再经抽滤、滤液酸化、蒸发浓缩、冷却，得到硝酸锌成品。<ref name="zghg" />
:<math>\rm \ ZnO+2HNO_3\rightarrow Zn(NO_3)_2+H_2O</math>

无水硝酸锌可以通过锌与[[四氧化二氮]]反应得到。
:<math>\rm \ 2Zn+3N_2O_4\rightarrow 2Zn(NO_3)_2+N_2\uparrow</math>

==用途==
用于机器和自行车零部件[[镀锌]]、配制钢铁磷化剂、织物染色时用作媒染剂、染料合成物品的保藏剂及乳胶凝结剂等。<ref name="zghg" />

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

{{锌化合物}}
{{硝酸盐}}

[[Category:锌化合物]]
[[Category:硝酸盐]]
[[Category:易制爆化学品]]