查看“︁硝酰氯”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
|   Name = 硝酰氯
|   ImageFile = Nitryl chloride.png
<!-- | ImageSize = 200px -->
|   ImageName = 硝酰氯
|   ImageFile1 = Nitryl chloride3D.png
<!-- | ImageSize1 = 200px  -->
|   ImageName1 = 硝酰氯
|   IUPACName = Nitryl chloride
|   OtherNames = 氯化硝酰、<br />氯二氧化氮、二氧氯化氮
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 13444-90-1
| CASNo_Ref = 
| PubChem = 
| ChemSpiderID = 10446393
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = 
| EINECS = 
| UNNumber = 
| ChEBI = 142774
| InChI = 	1S/ClNO2/c1-2(3)4HVZWVEKIQMJYIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| MeSHName = nitryl+chloride
| RTECS = 
| SMILES = Cl[N+]([O-])=O
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = ClNO<sub>2</sub>
|   MolarMass = 81.46 
|   Appearance = 气体
|   Density =2.57 g/L（气）
|   Solubility = 反应
|   Solvent = 
|   SolubleOther = 
|   MeltingPt = -141 °C
|   BoilingPt = -15 °C
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   MolShape =
|   Dipole = 
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   MainHazards = 
|   RPhrases = 
|   SPhrases = 
|   NFPA-H = 
|   NFPA-F =
|   NFPA-R = 
|   NFPA-O = 
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherCpds = [[二氧化氮]]、[[亚硝酰氯]]、<br />[[硝基硫酸]]、<br />[[氟硼酸硝酰]]
  }}
}}
'''硝酰氯'''是一种[[无机化合物]]，是一种无色气体，化学式NO<sub>2</sub>Cl。
== 制备==
在工业中，硝酰氯是通过[[氯气]]和硝酸银化合而成：

:: <math>\mathsf{2AgNO_3 + 2Cl_2 \rightarrow 2NO_2Cl + 2AgCl + O_2}</math>

或[[硝酸银]]和[[三氯氧磷]]反应：

:: <math>\mathsf{3AgNO_3 + POCl_3 \rightarrow 3NO_2Cl + Ag_3PO_4}</math>

它有可以由五氧化二氮和氯化氢或氯化物反应而成。<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gerber|first=R. Benny|last2=Finlayson-Pitts|first2=Barbara J.|last3=Hammerich|first3=Audrey Dell|date=2015-07-15|title=Mechanism for formation of atmospheric Cl atom precursors in the reaction of dinitrogen oxides with HCl/Cl− on aqueous films|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|language=en|volume=17|issue=29|pages=19360–19370|doi=10.1039/C5CP02664D|pmid=26140681|issn=1463-9084|bibcode=2015PCCP...1719360H|url=https://escholarship.org/content/qt3087m4xv/qt3087m4xv.pdf?t=oubfuu|access-date=2021-05-04|archive-date=2020-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200314042229/https://escholarship.org/content/qt3087m4xv/qt3087m4xv.pdf?t=oubfuu|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kelleher|first=Patrick J.|last2=Menges|first2=Fabian S.|last3=DePalma|first3=Joseph W.|last4=Denton|first4=Joanna K.|last5=Johnson|first5=Mark A.|last6=Weddle|first6=Gary H.|last7=Hirshberg|first7=Barak|last8=Gerber|first8=R. Benny|date=2017-09-18|title=Trapping and Structural Characterization of the XNO2·NO3– (X = Cl, Br, I) Exit Channel Complexes in the Water-Mediated X– + N2O5 Reactions with Cryogenic Vibrational Spectroscopy|journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters|volume=8|issue=19|pages=4710–4715|doi=10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02120|pmid=28898581|issn=1948-7185}}</ref>此反应在地球大气中存在。

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}
== 外部链接 ==
* [[s:ЭСБЕ/Хлористый нитрил|ЭСБЕ/Хлористый нитрил]]
* [http://www.chemport.ru/chemical_substance_1823.html Нитрония хлорид: химические и физические свойства] {{Wayback|url=http://www.chemport.ru/chemical_substance_1823.html |date=20200626050650 }}

== 扩展阅读==
* {{книга
 |автор         = Лидин Р.А. и др.
 |заглавие      = Химические свойства неорганических веществ: Учеб. пособие для вузов
 |издание       = 3-е изд., испр
 |место         = М.
 |издательство  = Химия
 |год           = 2000
 |страниц       = 480
 |isbn          = 5-7245-1163-0
}}
* {{книга
 |заглавие      = Химическая энциклопедия
 |ответственный = Редкол.: Кнунянц И.Л. и др.
 |место         = М.
 |издательство  = Советская энциклопедия
 |год           = 1992
 |том           = 3
 |страниц       = 639
 |isbn          = 5-82270-039-8
}}
* {{книга
 |заглавие      = Справочник химика
 |издание       = 3-е изд., испр
 |ответственный = Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др.
 |место         = Л.
 |издательство  = Химия
 |год           = 1971
 |том           = 2
 |страниц       = 1168
}}

[[Category:氯化物]]
[[Category:无机氮化合物]]
[[Category:氯氧化物]]
[[Category:五价氮化合物]]