查看“︁热改正”︁的源代码

在[[天文學|天文学]]中，'''热改正'''是对天体绝对[[星等]]的改正值，以将天体的绝对目视星等转换为[[絕對星等#全波段星等|热星等]]（又称全波段星等）。对于大部分辐射出射落在可见光范围之外的恒星，热改正的值将偏大。热改正的统一尺度尚未标准化。

== 描述 ==
热改正的数学表达式为：

: <math> BC = M_{bol} -M_{v}\!\,</math>

下表列出对具有不同光谱类型和分类的一系列恒星的热改正： <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Stellar Masses|last=Popper|first=Daniel M.|date=1980-09-01|journal=Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics|issue=1|doi=10.1146/annurev.aa.18.090180.000555|volume=18|pages=115–164|bibcode=1980ARA&A..18..115P|issn=0066-4146}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|title=The initial mass function for massive stars in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds|last=Humphreys|first=R. M.|last2=McElroy|first2=D. B.|date=1984|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|doi=10.1086/162439|volume=284|pages=565–577|language=en|bibcode=1984ApJ...284..565H|issn=0004-637X}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite book|title=Stars and their spectra : an introduction to the spectral sequence|url=https://archive.org/details/starstheirspectr0000kale_h1z4|last=B.|first=Kaler, James|date=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0521304948|location=Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]|oclc=17731797}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
!光谱型
!主序星
!巨星
!超巨星
|-
|O3
| -4.3
| -4.2
| -4.0
|-
| G0
| -0.10
| -0.13
| -0.1
|-
| G5
| -0.14
| -0.34
| -0.20
|-
| 00
| -0.24
| -0.42
| -0.38
|-
| K5
| -0.66
| -1.19
| -1.00
|-
| M0
| -1.21
| -1.28
| -1.3
|}
对于早型星和晚型星，热改正都为偏大的负数。前者是因为早型星表面温度较高，辐射出射的很大一部分是在紫外波段的；后者则是因为晚型星表面温度较低，辐射出射很大一部分在红外波段。对于像我们的太阳这样的恒星，热改正是微不足道的，因为太阳的辐射出射集中在可见光波段。热改正是对天体的绝对星等进行的校正，以将天体的绝对目视星等转换为其热星等。

类似的，热改正可以用于可见光波段之外的其他电磁波段改正为热星等。<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Model atmospheres broad-band colors, bolometric corrections and temperature calibrations for O - M stars|last=Bessell|first=M. S.|last2=Castelli|first2=F.|date=May 1998|journal=[[Astronomy and Astrophysics]]|issue=|doi=|volume=333|pages=231–250|bibcode=1998A&A...333..231B|last3=Plez|first3=B.|display-authors=1}}</ref>例如，对于某些领域内常见的辐射出射集中在红外波段范围内的、表面温度较低的恒星，热改正有时采用一套不同的值以改正红外波段的绝对星等，而非绝对目视星等。

在数学上，这样的改正值可以表示为：

: <math> BC_K = M_{bol}-M_k\!\,</math><ref name="nonredclumpSalaris2002">{{Cite journal|title=Population effects on the red giant clump absolute magnitude: the K band|last=Salaris|first=Maurizio|last2=Girardi|first2=Léo|date=November 2002|journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]|issue=1|doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05917.x|volume=337|pages=332–340|arxiv=astro-ph/0208057|bibcode=2002MNRAS.337..332S|quote=Lower eﬀective temperatures correspond to higher values of <math>\scriptstyle BC_K</math>; since <math>\scriptstyle M_K = M_{bol} - BC_K\!\,</math>, cooler RC stars tend to be brighter.|display-authors=1}}</ref>

其中''M'' <sub>K</sub>是K波段的绝对星等， ''BC'' <sub>K</sub>是K波段的热改正值。 <ref name="nonstandardphotography2010">{{Cite journal|title=Bolometric correction and spectral energy distribution of cool stars in Galactic clusters|url=http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/414/1/418.full|last=Buzzoni|first=A.|last2=Patelli|first2=L.|date=April 2010|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|accessdate=23 August 2015|issue=3|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16223.x|volume=403|pages=1592–1610|arxiv=1002.1972|bibcode=2010MNRAS.403.1592B|last3=Bellazzini|first3=M.|last4=Pecci|first4=F. Fusi|last5=Oliva|first5=E.|display-authors=1}}</ref>

== 参见 ==

* [[絕對星等|绝对星等]]
* [[K波段|K波段（红外）]]
* [[V波段]]

== 外部链接 ==

* https://github.com/casaluca/bolometric-corrections {{Wayback|url=https://github.com/casaluca/bolometric-corrections |date=20201029174202 }} - most up to date tables of bolometric corrections across the HR diagram and interpolation routines in different photometric filters
* https://web.archive.org/web/20080312151621/http://www.peripatus.gen.nz/Astronomy/SteMag.html - contains table of bolometric corrections
* http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1996ApJ...469..355F/0000360.000.html {{Wayback|url=http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu//full/1996ApJ...469..355F/0000360.000.html |date=20191230164037 }} - contains detailed tables of bolometric corrections (note that these second set of tables are consistent with a bolometric magnitude of 4.73 for the Sun and also be aware that there are misprint errors for a few of the figures in the tables)

== 参考文献 ==
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[[Category:觀測天文學]]