查看“︁溴化铵”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
|   Name = 溴化铵
| ImageFile = Ammonium bromide.svg | ImageSize = 120px
| ImageFile2 = Ammonium-bromide-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize2 = 170px
| ImageName2 = ball-and-stick model of an ammonium cation (left) and a bromide anion (right)
|   IUPACName = Ammonium Bromide
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 12124-97-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  UNII_Ref  = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}|  UNII  =  R0JB3224WS
|  EC_number  =  235-183-8
|  InChI  =  1/BrH.H3N/h1H;1H3
|  SMILES  =  [Br-].[NH4+]
|  InChIKey  =  SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYAP
|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/BrH.H3N/h1H;1H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  RTECS  =  BO9155000liugoiugiu
|  PubChem  =  25514
|  ChEBI_Ref  = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}|  ChEBI  =  85364
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID = 23804
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = [[氮|N]][[氢|H]]<sub>4</sub>[[溴|Br]]
|   Molar Mass = 97.943 
|   Appearance = 无色或白色立方结晶粉末
|   MeltingPt = 452°C (845.6°F) 升华
|   BoilingPt = 396°C (744.8°F)
|   Density = 2.429 g/cm³
|   Solubility = 78.3g/100g, 25°C
|   pKa =<7
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   CrystalStruct = 等轴晶系  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   NFPA-H = 2
|   NFPA-F =
|   NFPA-R =}}
}}
'''溴化銨'''（Ammonium bromide）， 外觀為無色或白色立方結晶粉末，可通过[[氨]]与[[溴化氢]]反应制取。可溶於[[水]]、[[醇]]，[[丙酮]]，微溶於[[乙醚]]。用於醫藥鎮靜劑、照相感光劑等。

== 制备==
溴化铵可以由[[氨]]和[[溴化氢]]反应而成<ref name=roempp>{{RömppOnline|ID=RD-01-02140|Name=Ammoniumbromid|Abruf=2014-07-15}}</ref>：

:<math>\mathrm{HBr + NH_3 \longrightarrow NH_4Br}</math>

它也可以由[[溴]]和氨直接反应而成。<ref name="Ullmann" />

:<math>\mathrm{3\,Br_2 + 8\,NH_3 \longrightarrow 6\,NH_4Br + N_2}</math>

它也可以由氨水和[[溴化亚铁]]反应而成。<ref Name="Ullmann">Yoffe, D.; Frim, R.; Ukeles, S.D.; Dagani, M.J.; Barda, H.J.; Benya, T.J.; Sanders, D.C.: ''Bromine Compounds'', in: ''[[Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie]]'', Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2013; {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a04_405.pub2}}.</ref>

:<math>\mathrm{FeBr_2 + 2\,NH_3 + H_2O \longrightarrow 2\,NH_4Br + Fe(OH)_2}</math>

==毒性==
对全身中毒作用微弱，但要防止摄入、吸人体内，避免与眼睛与皮肤接触。如果摄入，会发生眩晕、恶心；如果吸入，会发生呕吐，两种情况如有发生应立即请医生治疗。如果溅入眼睛内，应立即用大量新鲜水至少冲洗20 min，并请医生治疗。皮肤触及本品，也要用大量水冲洗。被污染的衣服、鞋等要洗净才可再用。生产条件下，应防止溴化物粉尘排到空气中<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.guidechem.com/dictionary/12124-97-9.html |title=溴化铵字典-Guidechem{{en}} |access-date=2012-01-10 |archive-date=2021-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206041016/https://www.guidechem.com/dictionary/12124-97-9.html |dead-url=no }} 溴化铵字典-Guidechem{{en}}]</ref>。

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

{{铵盐}}
{{溴化物}}


[[Category:溴化物]]
[[Category:非金属卤化物]]
[[Category:铵盐]]