查看“︁溴化鈹”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| ImageFile = Beryllium bromide.svg
| ImageSize = 250px
| IUPACName = Beryllium bromide
| SystematicName = 
| OtherNames = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 7787-46-4
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  ChemSpiderID  =  74208
|  InChIKey  =  PBKYCFJFZMEFRS-NUQVWONBAJ
|  PubChem  =  82230
|  SMILES  =  [Be+2].[Br-].[Br-]
|  InChI  =  1/Be.2BrH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/Be.2BrH/h;2*1H/q+2;;/p-2
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  PBKYCFJFZMEFRS-UHFFFAOYSA-L
|  ChEBI_Ref  = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}|  KEGG_Ref  = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  Formula = [[鈹|Be]][[溴|Br<sub>2</sub>]]
|  MolarMass = 168.820 g/mol
|  Appearance = 無色白色固體結晶
|  Density = 3.465 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)<ref name="Alfa"/>
|  MeltingPt = 508°C <ref name="Alfa"/>
|  SublimationConditions = 473°C <ref name="perry"/>
|  BoilingPt = 520°C<ref name="hand">
{{Citation
 | last = Perry
 | first =Dale L. 
 | last2 =Phillips
 | first2 =Sidney L. 
 | year =1995
 | title =Handbook of Inorganic Compounds
 | publisher =CRC Press
 | pages =61–62
 | isbn =0-8493-8671-3
 | url= http://books.google.com/?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA61&dq=%22beryllium+bromide%22+properties
 | accessdate = 2007-12-10
}}</ref><ref name="Alfa">{{Alfa|42137|Datum=28. May 2010}}</ref>
| Solubility = 高溶解度<ref name="hand"/>
| SolubleOther = 可溶<ref name="lit">
{{Citation
 | last = Parsons
 | first =Charles Lathrop
 | year =1909
 | title =The Chemistry and Literature of Beryllium
 | place =Easton, Pa.
 | publisher =Chemical Publishing
 | pages =21–22
 | url =http://books.google.com/?id=7MxAAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA21&dq=%22beryllium+bromide%22
 | accessdate = 2007-12-10
}}</ref>
|  Solvent =  [[乙醇]]
|  pKa = 
|  pKb =
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|  CrystalStruct = [[正交晶系]]
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|  DeltaHf = -2.094 kJ/g
|  Entropy = 9.5395 J/K
|  HeatCapacity = 0.4111 J/g K}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|  Reference =<ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=500018|CAS=7787-46-4|Datum=13. März 2011}}.</ref>
|  GHSPictograms = {{Chembox GHSPictograms|06|08|09}}
|  MainHazards = [[鈹中毒]]
|  RPhrases = {{R49}}-{{R25}}-{{R26}}-{{R36/37/38}}-{{R43}}-{{R48/23}}-{{R51/53}}
|  SPhrases = {{S45}}-{{S53}}-{{S61}}
|  HPhrases = {{H-phrases|350|330|301|372|319|335|315|317|411}}
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|  OtherAnions = [[氟化鈹]]<br>[[氯化鈹]]<br>[[碘化鈹]]
|  OtherCations = [[溴化鎂]]<br/>[[溴化鈣]]<br/>[[溴化鍶]]<br/>[[溴化鋇]]<br/>[[溴化鐳]]
  }}
}}
'''溴化鈹'''是一種[[鈹]]的[[化合物]]，是一種[[溴化]][[鹽類]]，分子式為BeBr<sub>2</sub>，通常外觀為半透明[[白色]]固體。具有吸濕性、易[[潮解]]，能溶於水，且溶解度高。

==制備==
溴化鈹是可用[[氧化鈹]]和[[碳]]的混合物，放在充滿氣態[[溴]]的容器或室中加熱至1100°C到1200°C，[[氧化鈹]]和[[碳]]的混合物可能會在氣態[[溴]]中燃燒並生成'''溴化鈹'''。它有副產物[[一氧化碳]]。<ref name="Walsh"/>
:<math>\mathrm{BeO +  Br_2 + C \ \xrightarrow{\text{1400 K}} \ BeBr_2 + CO \uparrow}</math>
也可以直接用元素單質制取<ref name="perry"/>:可用[[鈹]]金屬和氣態[[溴]]加熱至500°C 至 700°C<ref name="hand"/>，[[鈹]]金屬可能會在氣態[[溴]]中燃燒並生成'''溴化鈹'''<ref name="Walsh"/>:
:[[鈹|Be]]  +  [[溴|Br<sub>2</sub>]]  &rarr;  BeBr<sub>2</sub>
同樣，直接使[[氧化鈹]]和氣態[[溴化氫]]發生反應是可能的。<ref name="parsons">C. L. Parsons: "The Chemistry and Literature of Beryllium", Chemical Publishing (1909). [http://www.archive.org/stream/chemistryliterat00parsrich#page/20/mode/2up Volltext]</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{BeO + 2\ HBr \longrightarrow BeBr_2 + H_2O}</math>
在[[溴化氫]]水溶液中也能與[[氧化鈹]]反應生成溴化鈹:<ref name="lit"/>:
:[[氧化鈹|BeO]]  +  2 HBr<sub>(aq)</sub>  &rarr;  BeBr<sub>2(aq)</sub>  +  [[水|H<sub>2</sub>O]]
只要使BeBr<sub>2(aq)</sub>結晶即可。

== 分子結構 ==
溴化鈹是一個非常吸濕性白色粉末，晶體結構為[[正交晶系]]<ref name="perry">D. L. Perry, S. L. Phillips: "Handbook of Inorganic Compounds", CRC Press (1995). p. 61-62. [http://books.google.com/books?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA61&dq=%22beryllium+bromide%22+properties&as_brr=3&sig=NDf7PmjoOd80k5IHspIoSFa2sWI#v=onepage&q=%22beryllium%20bromide%22%20properties&f=false Auszug bei books.google.com] {{Wayback|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA61&dq=%22beryllium+bromide%22+properties&as_brr=3&sig=NDf7PmjoOd80k5IHspIoSFa2sWI#v=onepage&q=%22beryllium%20bromide%22%20properties&f=false |date=20160613151116 }}.</ref>晶格參數為 a =10.32Ǻ，B=5.52Ǻ和c=5.54Ǻ<ref name="Walsh">Kenneth A. Walsh: "Beryllium chemistry and Processing", ASM International (2009). S. 120f. ({{Google Buch|BuchID=3-GbhmSfyeYC|Seite=120}})</ref>它的結合能有9.80kJ/mol。<ref name="perry"/>在氣態時分子結構為一個二聚體。<ref name="Walsh"/>

==參考文獻==
{{Reflist}}

{{鈹化合物}}

[[Category:鈹化合物]]
[[Category:溴化物]]
[[Category:碱土金属卤化物]]
[[Category:无机聚合物]]