查看“︁氯溴甲烷”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 403362944
| ImageFile = Bromochloromethane.svg
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize = 100
| ImageName = Stereo, skeletal formula of bromochloromethane with all explicit hydrogens added
| ImageFile1 = Bromochloromethane-3D-sf.png
| ImageFile1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize1 = 100
| ImageName1 = Spacefill model of bromochloromethane
| PIN = Bromo(chloro)methane <!-- Parentheses are used according to Subsection P-16.5.1.3 of Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry – IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) -->
| OtherNames = 溴氯甲烷、Halon 1101
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations = BCM<BR>CBM<BR>UN 1887
| CASNo = 74-97-5
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 6333
| ChemSpiderID = 6093
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| EINECS = 200-826-3
| UNNumber = 1887
| KEGG = C02661
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| MeSHName = bromochloromethane
| ChEBI = 17194
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 346918
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS = PA5250000
| Beilstein = 1730801
| Gmelin = 25577
| 3DMet = B00481
| SMILES = ClCBr
| StdInChI = 1S/CH2BrCl/c2-1-3/h1H2
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = JPOXNPPZZKNXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=1 | H=2 | Br=1 | Cl=1 
| Appearance = 无色液体
| Odor = 氯仿气味<ref name=PGCH/>
| Density = 1.991 g mL<sup>−1</sup>
| MeltingPtK = 185.2
| BoilingPtK = 341
| Solubility = 16.7 g L<sup>−1</sup>
| LogP = 1.55
| VaporPressure = 15.60 kPa (at 20.0 °C)
| RefractIndex = 1.482
| MagSus = -86.88·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{gHS corrosion}} {{gHS exclamation mark}}
| GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER'''
| HPhrases = {{h-phrases|315|318|332|335}}
| PPhrases = {{p-phrases|261|280|305+351+338}}
| LD50 = {{unbulleted list|5 g mol<sup>−1</sup> <small>(oral, rat)</small>|20 g kg<sup>−1</sup> (dermal, rabbit)|4300 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> (oral, mouse)}}
| PEL = TWA 200 ppm (1050 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0123}}</ref>
| IDLH = 2000 ppm<ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = TWA 200 ppm (1050 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
| FlashPt = noncombustible
| FlashPt_notes = <ref name=PGCH/>
| LC50 = 3000 ppm (mouse, 7 hr)<ref name=IDLH>"[http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/74975.html Chlorobromomethane]". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).</ref>
| LCLo = 28,800 ppm (rat, 15 min)<br/>29,000 ppm (大鼠，15 min)<br/>27,000 ppm (小鼠，15 min)<ref name=IDLH/>
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction_label = 
| OtherFunction =
| OtherCompounds =
}}
}}
'''氯溴甲烷'''，又称'''溴氯甲烷'''、'''哈龙1011'''，是一种混合[[卤代甲烷]]。它是一种重质粘稠[[液体]]，[[折射率]]为1.4808。
==制备==
氯溴甲烷可以通过卤素交换反应或在[[氯化铝]]存在下用[[二氯甲烷]]和[[溴化氢]]反应得到：<ref name="Ullmann">Yoffe, D.; Frim, R.; Ukeles, S.D.; Dagani, M.J.; Barda, H.J.; Benya, T.J.; Sanders, D.C.: ''Bromine Compounds'', in: ''[[Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie]]'', Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2013; {{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a04_405.pub2}}.</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{6\,CH_2Cl_2 + 3\,Br_2 + 2\,Al  \rightarrow 6\,CH_2BrCl + 2\,AlCl_3}</math>
:<math>\mathrm{CH_2Cl_2 + HBr \xrightarrow {AlCl_3}\ CH_2BrCl +\ HCl}</math>

==性质==
氯溴甲烷对光敏感，400°C放出[[氯化氢]]和[[溴化氢]]。<ref>Eintrag zu [http://gestis.itrust.de/nxt/gateway.dll?f=id$t=default.htm$vid=gestisdeu:sdbdeu$id=041110 Bromchlormethan] in der GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank des IFA, abgerufen am 1. Februar 2016.</ref>
==安全==
氯溴甲烷具有神经毒性，吸入可引发中毒。<ref>柳立新, 段军, 邓国鑫,等. [http://xueshu.baidu.com/s?wd=paperuri%3A%28837509db0c51edc7e76c6f61b8e5681e%29&filter=sc_long_sign&tn=SE_xueshusource_2kduw22v&sc_vurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doc88.com%2Fp-3863741454472.html&ie=utf-8&sc_us=15974375759636034448 急性溴氯甲烷中毒后遗症1例报告] {{Wayback|url=http://xueshu.baidu.com/s?wd=paperuri%3A%28837509db0c51edc7e76c6f61b8e5681e%29&filter=sc_long_sign&tn=SE_xueshusource_2kduw22v&sc_vurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doc88.com%2Fp-3863741454472.html&ie=utf-8&sc_us=15974375759636034448 |date=20200424035504 }}[J]. 疾病预防控制通报, 2007, 22(4):143-144.</ref>
==参考文献==
{{reflist}}

{{卤代甲烷}}

[[category:氯代烃]]
[[Category:溴代烷烃]]