查看“︁氯丙酮”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| Reference = <ref name="BGIA GESTIS">{{GESTIS|Name=Chloraceton|ZVG=31220|CAS=78-95-5|Datum=19.10.2007}}</ref>
| Name = 氯丙酮
| ImageFile = Chloroaceton.svg
| IUPACName = Chloropropanone
| OtherNames = 一氯丙酮<br />单氯丙酮<br />氯代丙酮<br />UN 1695 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 78-95-5
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|    ChemSpiderID  =  6323
|    PubChem  =  6571
|    SMILES  =  ClCC(=O)C
|    InChI  =  1/C3H5ClO/c1-3(5)2-4/h2H2,1H3
|    InChIKey  =  BULLHNJGPPOUOX-UHFFFAOYAY
|    RTECS  =  UC0700000
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/C3H5ClO/c1-3(5)2-4/h2H2,1H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  BULLHNJGPPOUOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  UNII_Ref  = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}|  UNII  =  60ZTR74268
|  ChEBI_Ref  = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}|  ChEBI  =  47220
|  EINECS  =  201-161-1
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>ClO
|   MolarMass = 92.524
|   Appearance = 无色至暗黄色液体
|   Density = 1.15 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20°C)
|   MeltingPt = -44.5°C
|   BoilingPt = 119°C
|   Solubility = 10 g/100 mL (20°C)
|   SolOther = 溶于[[乙醇]]、[[乙醚]]、[[氯仿]]<ref name="hand">
{{Citation
 | last = Lide
 | first = David R.
 | author-link = 
 | last2 = 
 | first2 = 
 | author2-link =
 | publication-date =
 | date =
 | year = 1998
 | title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
 | edition = 87
 | volume = 
 | series =
 | publication-place = Boca Raton, FL
 | place = 
 | publisher = CRC Press
 | id =
 | isbn = 0849305942
 | doi =
 | oclc =
 | pages = 3–100
 | url = 
 | accessdate =
}}</ref>
|   VaporPressure = 1.6 kPa (20°C)
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = 
| EUClass = 有毒 ('''T''')<br />对环境有害 ('''N''')
| RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R23/24/25}}, {{R36/37/38}}, {{R50/53}}
| SPhrases = {{S26}}, {{S36/37}}, {{S45}}, {{S61}}
| FlashPt = 35°C
| Autoignition = 610°C
| ExploLimits = 3.4% - ?<ref name="cdc">{{cite web | title=ICSC:NENG0760 International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO) CDC/NIOSH | url=http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng0760.html | work= | publisher=Center for Disease Control | date=2006-10-11 | accessdate=2009-04-17 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026104231/http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng0760.html | archive-date=2012-10-26 | dead-url=yes }}</ref>
| LD50 = 100 mg/kg (大鼠经口)<ref name="chw">
{{Citation
 | last =Hathaway
 | first =Gloria J.
 | author-link =
 | last2 =Proctor
 | first2 =Nick H.
 | author2-link =
 | publication-date =
 | date =
 | year = 2004
 | title =Proctor and Hughes' Chemical Hazards of the Workplace
 | edition =5
 | volume =
 | series =
 | publication-place =
 | place =
 | publisher = Wiley-Interscience
 | pages = 143–144
 | id =
 | isbn =9780471268833
 | doi =
 | oclc =
 |  url= http://books.google.com/books?id=y3-Ef3y53PkC&pg=PA143&dq=Chloroacetone&as_brr=3&ei=xcznSY6iMZD6zQSd7_3UCA&client=firefox-a
 | accessdate = 2009-04-16
}}</ref>
| PEL = }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions =[[氟丙酮]]<BR>[[溴丙酮]]<BR>[[碘丙酮]]}}

}}

'''氯丙酮'''，结构式ClCH<sub>2</sub>COCH<sub>3</sub>。

==性质==
无色有极强刺激性臭味液体，对生物体有强刺激性，在日光下分解产生强催泪性气体。见光变为暗黄的琥珀色。溶于10倍重量的水，与[[乙醇]]、[[乙醚]]、[[氯仿]]混溶。

==制备==
[[丙酮]]与[[碳酸钙]]混合搅拌成浆，加热回流，停止加热并通入[[氯气]]进行反应。反应约3～4小时后，加水溶解生成的[[氯化钙]]，并收集反应液中的油层，再经精制，得氯丙酮成品。
:<math>\rm CH_3COCH_3+Cl_2 \ \xrightarrow [H_2O]{CaCO_3} \ CH_3COCH_2Cl+CaCl_2</math>

==用途==
用作有机合成中间体，用于生产药物等等等、杀虫剂、香料、染料、干燥剂、抗氧化剂和乙烯型感光树脂等。也是合成[[呋喃]]环系的[[Feist-Benary合成]]中的试剂。一战时曾用作催泪剂。

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:氯甲基化合物]]
[[Category:催泪剂]]
[[Category:第一次世界大战化学武器]]
[[Category:酮]]
[[Category:三碳有机物]]