查看“︁氮化铍”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 428817099
| ImageFile = Tl2O3structure.jpg
| ImageSize = 
| IUPACName = Beryllium nitride
| OtherNames = 二氮化三铍
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 1304-54-7
| PubChem = 
| SMILES = [Be]=N[Be]N=[Be]
| InChI = InChI=1S/3Be.2N
| InChI2 = InChI=1S/3Be.2N/q3*+2;2*-3
| InChI3 = InChI=1S/3Be.2N/q;;+2;2*-1
| EINECS = 215-132-6
| UNII = P0T5F6IUK4
 }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Be<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>
| MolarMass = 55.06
| Appearance =浅灰色粉末<ref name="Dale L. Perry">{{Cite book|edition=Second edition|chapter=|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/759865801|date=2011|location=Boca Raton, FL|isbn=978-1-4398-1462-8|oclc=759865801|first=Dale L.|last=Perry|title=Handbook of Inorganic Compounds}}</ref>
| Density = 2.71 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="Dale L. Perry" />
| MeltingPtC = 2200
| Melting_notes = 分解<ref name="Dale L. Perry" />
| Solubility = 分解
| Solvent1 = 酸
| Solubility1 = 分解
|Solvent2=碱
|Solubility2=分解
 }}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = [[立方晶系]]，[[皮尔逊符号|cI80]]
|SpaceGroup = Ia{{overline|3}}, No. 106 (α型)
|LattConst_a=814.518 pm<ref name="Dale L. Perry" /><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Rietveld Refinement of the Crystal Structure of α-Be 3 N 2 and the Experimental Determination of Optical Band Gaps for Mg 3 N 2 , Ca 3 N 2 and CaMg 2 N 2|url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/znb-2003-0124/html|last=Reckeweg|first=Olaf|last2=Lind|first2=Cora|date=2003-01-01|journal=Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B|issue=1|doi=10.1515/znb-2003-0124|volume=58|pages=159–162|language=en|issn=1865-7117|last3=Simon|first3=Arndt|last4=DiSalvo|first4=Francis J.|access-date=2021-07-21|archive-date=2021-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721093932/https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/znb-2003-0124/html|dead-url=no}}</ref>
 }}
|Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherCations = [[氮化钙]]<br/>[[氮化镁]]
 }}
}}

'''氮化铍'''，化学式Be<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>，是[[铍]]的[[氮化物]]。它会水解成氢氧化铍和氨。<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman"/>

==制备==
铍和[[氨]]在1100&nbsp;°C下反应：<ref name="Dale L. Perry" />
:<math>\mathrm{3 \ Be + 2 \ NH_3 \longrightarrow  \ Be_3N_2 + 3 \ H_2}</math>

铍和氮在1100&nbsp;°C至1500&nbsp;°C下直接反应：<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman">Egon Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman (2001) ''Inorganic Chemistry'', Elsevier {{ISBN|0-12-352651-5}}</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{3 \ Be + N_2 \longrightarrow Be_3N_2}</math>

铍在空气中燃烧会产生氮化铍和[[氧化铍]]。<ref name="Riccardo Ferro, Adriana Saccone">{{Cite book|chapter=|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/281592420|publisher=Elsevier|date=2008|location=Amsterdam|isbn=978-0-08-044099-6|oclc=281592420|first=R.|last=Ferro|title=Intermetallic chemistry}}</ref>

==用处==
氮化铍可用于耐火陶瓷和核反应堆。{{cn}}它也用来制备用作[[放射性示踪剂]]和[[核医学放射性药物列表|核医学放射性药物]]的[[碳-14]]。<ref name="Graham Lappin, Simon Temple">{{Cite book|chapter=|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72464000|publisher=CRC/Taylor & Francis|date=2006|location=Boca Raton|isbn=1-4200-0498-0|oclc=72464000|first=Graham, PhD|last=Lappin|title=Radiotracers in drug development}}</ref>

==性质==
氮化铍是浅灰色固体，在水、酸和碱中分解，放出氨气。<ref name="Dale L. Perry" />
:<math>\mathrm{Be_3N_2 + 6 \ HCl \longrightarrow 3 \ BeCl_2 + 2 \ NH_3}</math>
:<math>\mathrm{Be_3N_2 + 6 \ NaOH \longrightarrow 3 \ Na_2BeO_2 + 2 \ NH_3}</math>
:<math>\mathrm{Be_3N_2 + 6 \ H_2O \longrightarrow 3 \ Be(OH)_2 + 2 \ NH_3}</math>

它和[[氮化硅]]在1800–1900&nbsp;°C的氨气下反应，形成BeSiN<sub>2</sub>。<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman"/>

氮化铍会被600&nbsp;°C的空气氧化。<ref name="Dale L. Perry" />氮化铍在真空下于2000&nbsp;°C以上升华。<ref name="Kenneth A. Walsh">{{Cite book|chapter=|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/770008772|publisher=ASM International|date=2009|location=Materials Park, Ohio|isbn=978-1-61503-125-2|oclc=770008772|first=Kenneth A.|last=Walsh|title=Beryllium chemistry and processing}}</ref>氮化铍有两种结构，其中α-Be<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>是反萤石结构的，空间群 Ia{{overline|3}}（No. 106），晶格参数a = 814.518 pm；而β-Be<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>则是六方晶系的，空间群P6<sub>3</sub>/mmc（No. 194）。{{cn}}低温相态α-氮化铍会在 1450&nbsp;°C以上变成β-氮化铍。<ref name="DOI10.1007/BF02873199">{{Cite journal|title=The Be−N (Beryllium-Nitrogen) system|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF02873199|last=Wriedt|first=H. A.|last2=Okamoto|first2=H.|date=1987-04|journal=Journal of Phase Equilibria|issue=2|doi=10.1007/BF02873199|volume=8|pages=136–139|language=en|issn=1054-9714}}</ref>

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}
{{铍化合物}}
{{氮化物}}

[[Category:氮化物]]
[[Category:铍化合物]]
[[Category:耐火材料]]