查看“︁氮化鎂”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
|   Name = 氮化鎂
|   ImageFile = Magnesium nitride.jpg
|   ImageSize = 240px
| ImageName = 氮化镁
|   ImageFile1 = Mg3P2.png
|   ImageSize1= 240px
|   ImageName1 = 氮化镁的晶体结构
|   IUPACName = Magnesium nitride
|   OtherNames = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|    CASNo = 12057-71-5
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|    SMILES  =  [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[N-3].[N-3]
|    PubChem  =  16212682
|    RTECS  =  
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>
|   MolarMass = 100.9494
|   Appearance = 黃綠色粉末
|   Density = 2.712 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   Solubility = 
|   MeltingPt = 800°C<ref>https://m.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB3769166.htm</ref>
|   BoilingPt = 700°C<ref>http://www.jinghua-mg.com/products/Magnesium-NitrideMg3N2.html</ref>
|   pKa = 
|   pKb = 
|   Viscosity = 
  }}
| Section 3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   MolShape = 
|   Coordination = 
|   CrystalStruct = 
|   Dipole =
  }}
| Section4 {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf =
|   Entropy =
|   HeatCapacity = 
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://espi-metals.com/msds's/Magnesium%20Nitride.htm External MSDS]
|   EUIndex = 
|   EUClass = 
|   RPhrases = {{R11}}, {{R19}}, {{R36/37/38}}
|   SPhrases = {{S7/8}}, {{S26}}, {{S33}}, {{S37}}, {{S43}}, {{S60}}
|   MainHazards = 和水反應後會產生[[氨]]
|   NFPA-H = 
|   NFPA-F = 
|   NFPA-R = 
|   NFPA-O = 
|   FlashPt = 
|   PEL = 
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[氧化鎂]]
|   OtherCations = [[氮化鈉]]
|   OtherFunctn =
|    Function =
|   OtherCpds = 
  }}
}}

'''氮化鎂'''（Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>）是由[[氮]]和[[鎂]]所組成的無機化合物。在室溫下纯净的氮化镁為黃綠色的粉末，但含有一部分氧化镁杂质的氮化镁是灰白色的。氮化鎂和許多金屬[[氮化物]]一樣，會和水反應產生[[氨]]。

::<chem>Mg3N2{} + 6 H2O{} -> 3 Mg(OH)2{} + 2 NH3{} \uparrow</chem>

要制备氮化镁，可將鎂帶在氮氣中燃燒而成。
::<math chem>\begin{matrix}{}\\
\ce{{3Mg} + N2 ->[\ce{800^\circ C}] Mg3N2}\\
{}\end{matrix}</math>

若將鎂帶在空氣中燃燒，除了會產生[[氧化鎂]]之外，也會產生一些氮化鎂。

==用途==

氮化鎂可作為合成[[氮化硼#立方氮化硼|立方氮化硼]]的[[催化劑]]，在第一次成功合成立方氮化硼時，使用的催化劑就是氮化鎂<ref>{{cite journal
 | author = R. H. Wentorf, Jr.
 | authorlink = :en:Robert H. Wentorf, Jr.
 | title = Synthesis of the Cubic Form of Boron Nitride
 | journal = Journal of Chemical Physics
 | volume = 34
 | issue = 3
 | pages = 809–812
 | doi = 10.1063/1.1731679
 |date=1961年3月}}</ref>。

1957年時，化學家 Robert Wentorf 一直試著要將六方氮化硼變為立方氮化硼，他試過使用加熱、加壓、使用催化劑，也對上述條件作各種的組合，他嘗試了所有理論上可能有關的催化劑（如在合成[[鑽石]]時使用的催化劑），不過都沒有效果。

後來在好奇心的驅使下及不顧一切的冒險中（他說當時的目的只是「增加錯誤嘗試的次數」），他利用一樣的壓力及熱處理條件，但將鎂加入六方氮化硼中<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.winstonbrill.com/bril001/html/article_index/articles/51-100/article61_body.html
| title = Discovering a Material That's Harder Than Diamond
| accessdate = June 28, 2006
| author = Robert H. Wentorf, Jr.
| work = R&D Innovator
| date = October 1993
| archive-date = 2009-10-09
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091009042256/http://www.winstonbrill.com/bril001/html/article_index/articles/51-100/article61_body.html
| dead-url = no
}}</ref>。然後將鎂放在顯微鏡下觀察，看到鎂上面有微小的深色塊狀物，且此塊狀物可以在已拋光的[[碳化硼]]上產生刮痕，當時已知可以在碳化硼上產生刮痕的物質只有[[鑽石]]。

由於當時有氨的氣味（是因為氮化鎂和潮濕的空氣反應而產生），Wentorf推斷鎂和氮化硼反應產生了氮化鎂，而氮化鎂為催化劑，使六方氮化硼變為立方氮化硼。

==參考資料==
{{reflist}}

{{鎂化合物}}
{{氮化物}}

[[Category:镁化合物]]
[[Category:氮化物]]