查看“︁氫氧化鉛”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 400137160
| ImageFile1 = Hydroxid olovnatý.PNG
| IUPACName = Lead(II) hydroxide
| OtherNames = 氫氧化鉛 <br/> plumbous hydroxide
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 8035300
| InChI = 1/2H2O.Pb/h2*1H2;/q;;+2/p-2
| InChIKey = VNZYIVBHUDKWEO-NUQVWONBAE
| SMILES = [OH-].[OH-].[Pb+2]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/2H2O.Pb/h2*1H2;/q;;+2/p-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = VNZYIVBHUDKWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L
| CASNo = 19783-14-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 9859601 
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub>
| MolarMass = 241.21 g/mol
| Appearance = [[白色]]無定形粉末或[[固體]]<ref name="scribd">Pradyot Patnaik; [http://www.scribd.com/doc/17105404/9439812 Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals]; ISBN 0-07-049439-8</ref>
| Density = 7.41 [[公克|g]][[除|/]][[公分|cm]][[立方公分|<sup>3</sup>]] <ref>Pradyot Patnaik. ''Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals''. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398</ref>
| MeltingPt = [[135]] [[攝氏溫標|°C]] (分解)
| Solubility = 0.0155 [[公克|g]][[除|/]][[100]] [[毫升|mL]] （[[20]] [[攝氏度|°C]]）
| SolubilityProduct = 1.42 x 10<sup>-20</sup>
| SolubleOther = 溶解於稀[[酸]]和[[鹼]]; <br> 不溶於[[丙酮]]和[[乙酸]]
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Coordination = 
| CrystalStruct = 
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = 有毒 ('''T''')
| RPhrases = {{R25}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}} {{S20/21}}  {{S29/56}} {{S45}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-O = 
| FlashPt = 
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions =[[氫氧化鈣]]、[[氫氧化鐳]]、[[氫氧化鈉]]、[[氫氧化銫]]
| OtherCations =
  }}
}}
'''氫氧化鉛'''，是一種[[無機化合物]]，其[[化學式]]為Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub>，是[[鉛]]的[[氫氧化物]]，由一個2價的[[鉛]]和[[2]]個[[氫氧根離子]]([[氧|O]][[氫|H]]<sup>[[陰離子|-]]</sup>)組成。'''氫氧化鉛'''是一種[[鉛鏽]]（其他還有:[[一氧化鉛]]、[[二氧化鉛]]、[[四氧化三鉛]]），氫氧化鉛常溫下為固體，外觀通常是白色的，當鉛放在水裡久了[[生鏽]]生成的[[鉛鏽]]含有'''氫氧化鉛'''。

== 制備 ==
氫氧化鉛可以由[[氫氧化鈉]]或[[氫氧化鉀]]與[[硝酸铅]]反应制得<ref name="scribd" />
:Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2NaOH → Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 2NaNO<sub>3</sub>

[[鉛]]在[[水]]中(要含[[氧]])也會緩慢的生成氫氧化鉛，若至於[[碳酸水]]則會加快這個反應<ref>Lenntech: [http://www.lenntech.de/pse/wasser/blei/blei-und-wasser.htm Blei (Pb) und Wasser] {{Wayback|url=http://www.lenntech.de/pse/wasser/blei/blei-und-wasser.htm |date=20110903235457 }}</ref>
:2Pb + O<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>O → 2Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub>

{{citation needed|用其他方式制出的氫氧化鉛其純度都不高，會是一種[[混合物]]，含氫氧化鉛、[[氫氧化氧鉛]]、[[硝酸氫氧化鉛]]}}

== 性質 ==
氫氧化鉛是一種白色無定形粉末，兩性，它溶解在水中呈[[弱鹼性]]。它在脫水溫度[[130]] [[攝氏溫標|°C]]和[[145]][[攝氏度|°C]]時會分解為[[一氧化鉛]]和[[水]]<ref name="scribd" />。

:Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub><sup><math>\xrightarrow{\ 145 ^o C \ }</math></sup>PbO + H<sub>2</sub>O

氫氧化鉛與[[二氧化碳]]反應會形成[[碳酸鉛]]
:Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub> → PbCO<sub>3</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O

氫氧化鉛接觸酸會形成對應的鉛鹽(如接觸[[硫酸]]形成[[硫酸鉛]]、若接觸[[檸檬酸]]也會形成[[檸檬酸鉛]]、接觸[[硝酸]]則形成[[硝酸鉛]])
:Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> → PbSO<sub>4</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>O
:3Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 2C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>7</sub> → Pb<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 3H<sub>2</sub>O
:Pb(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 2HNO<sub>3</sub> → Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>O
當它溶解於[[強鹼]][[溶液]]的羥基形成一個複雜的離子[Pb(OH)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>2−</sup>、Pb<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub><sup>4+</sup>、Pb<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub><sup>2+</sup>、Pb<sub>6</sub>O(OH)<sub>6</sub><sup>4+</sup>.<ref name="H">Von Egon Wiberg, Nils Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman, "Inorganic Chemistry", Academic Press, 2001 [http://books.google.de/books?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&pg=PA916&dq=%22lead%28II%29+hydroxide%22&hl=de&ei=ttE_Ta_tN8fj4wbjrq31Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCwQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=%22lead%28II%29%20hydroxide%22&f=false (Google books)] {{Wayback|url=http://books.google.de/books?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&pg=PA916&dq=%22lead%28II%29+hydroxide%22&hl=de&ei=ttE_Ta_tN8fj4wbjrq31Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCwQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=%22lead%28II%29%20hydroxide%22&f=false |date=20121104121745 }}.</ref> 和形成[[铅酸盐]]<ref>Therald Moeller; Chemistry with inorganic qualitative analysis; ISBN 0125033508</ref><ref name="HoWi">Arnold F. Holleman, Nils Wiberg: ''[http://books.google.de/books?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&pg=PA916&dq=%22lead%28II%29+hydroxide%22&hl=de&ei=ttE_Ta_tN8fj4wbjrq31Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCwQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=%22lead%28II%29%20hydroxide%22&f=false Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie] {{Wayback|url=http://books.google.de/books?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&pg=PA916&dq=%22lead%28II%29+hydroxide%22&hl=de&ei=ttE_Ta_tN8fj4wbjrq31Ag&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCwQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=%22lead%28II%29%20hydroxide%22&f=false |date=20121104121745 }}.'' 102. Auflage, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1</ref>

== 參見 ==
*[[鉛鏽]]
*[[一氧化鉛]]、[[二氧化鉛]]、[[四氧化三鉛]]

== 參考文獻 ==
<div class="references-small">
# [http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/CSEM/lead/ Case Studies in Environmental Medicine - Lead Toxicity] {{Wayback|url=http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/CSEM/lead/ |date=20090605154039 }}
# [http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts13.html ToxFAQs: Lead鉛] {{Wayback|url=http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts13.html |date=20060128092836 }}
# [https://web.archive.org/web/20080111154608/http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/50.html National Pollutant Inventory - Lead and Lead Compounds Fact Sheet]
</div>
{{reflist}}

{{铅化合物}}
{{氢氧化物}}
[[Category:二价铅化合物]]
[[Category:氫氧化物]]