查看“︁氨基氰”︁的源代码

{{NoteTA
|G1=化學
}}
{{Chembox
| Reference =
| ImageFileL1 = Cyanamide.svg
| ImageSizeL1 = 150px
| ImageFileR1 = Cyanamide-3D-balls.png
| ImageSizeR1 = 120px
| ImageNameL1 = 氨基氰
| ImageNameR1 = 氨基氰
| IUPACName = Cyanamide,Hydrogen Cyanamide<br>aminomethanenitrile, aminometanonitrilo
| IUPACNameZh = 
| OtherNames = 单氰胺、氨基腈、氰胺、<br />氨基氰、氨腈、氰氨
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 420-04-2
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  Abbreviations  = 
|  EINECS  =  206-992-3
|    PubChem  =  9864
|    SMILES  =  N#CN
|    RTECS  =  GS5950000
|    UNNumber  =  2811|  ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID  =  9480
|  UNII_Ref  = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}|  UNII  =  21CP7826LC
|  KEGG_Ref  = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}|  KEGG  =  D00123
|  InChI  =  1/CH2N2/c2-1-3/h2H2
|  InChIKey  =  XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYAW
|  ChEMBL_Ref  = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}|  ChEMBL  =  56279
|  StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/CH2N2/c2-1-3/h2H2
|  StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  ChEBI_Ref  = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}|  ChEBI  =  16698
|  DrugBank_Ref  = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}|  DrugBank  =  DB02679
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = NH<sub>2</sub>CN
| MolarMass = 42.04
| Appearance = 无色晶体
| Density = 1.0724 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   MeltingPtC = 44 
|   BoilingPt = 260 °C（分解）<br/>（83 °C 于 6.7 Pa）<br/>（140 °C 于 2.5 kPa）
| Solubility = 易溶于水<br />85 g/100 ml (25 °C)
| SolubleOther =
| Solvent =
| pKa =
| pKb = }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc04/icsc0424.htm ICSC 0424]
| EUClass = {{Chembox EUHazardSymbol|T}}
| EUIndex =615-013-00-2
| MainHazards =
|   NFPA-H = 2
|   NFPA-F = 1
|   NFPA-R = 2
| NFPA-O =
|   RPhrases = {{R21}}, {{R25}}, {{R36/38}}, {{R43}}
|   SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S3}}, {{S22}}, {{S36/37}}, {{S45}}
|   FlashPt = 141 °C
| Autoignition =
| ExploLimits =
| PEL = }}
}}

'''氨基{{Zy|氰|qíng|ㄑㄧㄥ|cing1}}'''（[[化学式]]：[[胺|NH<sub>2</sub>]][[氰|CN]]），白色晶状固体，易溶于[[水]]、[[乙醇]]、[[乙醚]]、[[苯]]、[[三氯甲烷]]、[[丙酮]]等，[[微溶]]于[[二硫化碳]]。有[[毒]]。在122℃时转变成[[二氰胺]](CN)<sub>2</sub>NH。是[[碳二亚胺]]（HN=C=NH）的[[异构体]]。易[[聚合]]，三个相同氨基氰分子可以化合形成一个[[三聚体]]化合物[[三聚氰胺]]。

==制备==
可用[[氰氨化钙]]（CaCN<sub>2</sub>）与[[硫酸]]作用或用[[溴化氰]]（CNBr）与[[氨]]反应，[[硫脲]]脱硫化制备。也可以用[[氰氨化钙]]与[[二氧化碳]]和水反应制备。
:<math> \mathrm{CaCN_2 + H_2O + CO_2 \ \rightarrow \  H_2NCN + CaCO_3}</math>

==用途==
用作[[有机合成]][[试剂]]。用于制备[[胍]]类化合物、[[硫脲]]、抗癌药[[阿糖胞苷]]、[[氰氨基甲酸酯]]（[[多菌灵]]原料）、[[巴比妥酸]]、[[磺胺]]类药物，还用作[[还原剂]]、[[稳定剂]]、[[促进剂]]、[[固化剂]]等。

==参见==
*[[氰氨化钙]]
*[[双氰胺]]
*[[三聚氰胺]]

{{Commonscat|Cyanamide}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:胺]]
[[Category:腈]]
[[Category:化學肥料]]
[[Category:食品安全]]

[[Category:无机胺]]
[[Category:无机碳化合物]]