查看“︁氟硅酸钠”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| IUPACName= Sodium fluorosilicate
| SystematicName = Sodium hexafluoridosilicate(2–)
<ref>{{Cite manual|section = Parent Hydride Names and Substitutive Nomenclature|url = http://old.iupac.org/publications/books/rbook/Red_Book_2005.pdf|format = PDF|title = Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 2005|publisher = RSC Publishing|year = 2005|pages = 114–135|access-date = 2021-05-31|archive-date = 2018-07-09|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180709210050/http://old.iupac.org/publications/books/rbook/Red_Book_2005.pdf|dead-url = no}}</ref>
| OtherNames = Disodium hexafluorosilicate/sodium fluosilicate/sodium silicofluoride
| ImageFile = Natriumhexafluorosilicat.png
| ImageSize = 250px
| ImageAlt = Unit cell of the compound
| ImageCaption = Unit cell of sodium hexafluoridosilicate
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 16893-85-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 806AV2E065
| PubChem = 28127
| ChemSpiderID = 26165
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| EINECS = 240-934-8
| UNNumber = 2674
| RTECS = VV8410000
| SMILES = [Na+].[Na+].F[Si--](F)(F)(F)(F)F
| StdInChI = 1S/F6Si.2Na/c1-7(2,3,4,5)6;;/q-2;2*+1
| StdInChIKey = TWGUZEUZLCYTCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula= Na<sub>2</sub>[SiF<sub>6</sub>] 
| MolarMass = 188
| Appearance =无色固体<ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=500031|CAS=16893-85-9|Name=Natriumhexafluorosilikat|Abruf=2021-05-25}}</ref><ref name="hsdb" />
| Odor = 无
| Density = 2.68 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="GESTIS" />
| MeltingPtC=800
|Melting_notes=分解<ref name="GESTIS" />
| Solubility = 0.64 g/100 mL (20 °C) <br> 1.27 g/100 mL (50 °C) <br> 2.45 g/100 mL (100 °C)
| SolubleOther = 不溶于乙醇<ref name="hsdb" />
| RefractIndex = 1.312
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Reference= <ref>{{cite journal|author=Allan Zalkin, J. D. Forrester, David H. Templeton|year=1964|volume=17|pages=1408–1412|doi=10.1107/S0365110X64003516|doi-access=free|journal=Acta Crystallographica|title=The Crystal Structure of Sodium Fluorosilicate|issue=11}}</ref>
| CrystalStruct = 三方
| SpaceGroup = P321 
| LattConst_a = 8.859
| LattConst_c = 5.038
| UnitCellFormulas = 4
  }}
|Section4={{Chembox Hazards
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| LDLo = 70 mg/kg （小鼠口服）<br/>125 mg/kg（兔子口服）<ref>{{IDLH|fluoride|Fluorides (as F)}}</ref>
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Related
| OtherCations = [[氟硅酸铵]]<br />
[[氟硅酸]]}}
}}
'''氟硅酸钠'''是一种[[无机化合物]]，[[化学式]]为Na<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>。分子量188.06。

==天然存在==
氟硅酸钠天然存在于稀有矿物 malladrite 中。<ref name="Malladrite, Mindat">{{Cite web |url=https://www.mindat.org/min-2554.html |title=存档副本 |access-date=2021-05-31 |archive-date=2021-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020200854/https://www.mindat.org/min-2554.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==性质==
无色无臭无味有吸湿性[[六方晶系|六方]]结晶。相对密度2.679。更易溶于酸。遇碱分解为[[氟化物]]和[[二氧化硅]]。不溶于[[醇]]，溶于[[乙醚]]。加热至800°C以上时分解为[[四氟化硅]]和[[氟化钠]]。<ref name="GESTIS" />有毒。

氟硅酸钠是三方晶系的，晶格参数 a&nbsp;= 885,9&nbsp;pm，c&nbsp;= 503,8&nbsp;pm，空间群 P321 (No. 150)。<ref name="Kristallstruktur">A. Zalkin, J. D. Forrester, D. H. Templeton: ''The crystal structure of sodium fluorosilicate'', ''[[Acta Cryst.]]'' (1964) 17, S.&nbsp;1408–1412; [[doi:10.1107/S0365110X64003516]].</ref>

==制备==
可以由[[氟硅酸]]和[[氢氧化钠]]、[[氯化钠]]或[[碳酸钠]]反应而成。<ref name="hsdb">{{HSDB|ID=770|Name=SODIUM SILICOFLUORIDE|Abruf=2012-07-29}}</ref>
:<math>\rm \ H_2SiF_6+2NaCl\rightarrow Na_2SiF_6+2HCl</math>
它也可以由四氟化硅和氟化钠直接反应而成。
:<math>\rm \ SiF_4+2NaF\rightarrow Na_2SiF_6</math>

==用途==
用作搪瓷和玻璃的助熔剂、乳白剂，镀层添加剂，凝固剂，以及人造[[冰晶石]]和[[氟化钠]]的制取原料。目前市面上含氟牙膏的氟化物也是以氟矽酸鈉為主，也有部分為[[氟化鈉]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pub.gov.sg/general/pages/watertreatment.aspx |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-08-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326084915/http://www.pub.gov.sg/GENERAL/Pages/WaterTreatment.aspx |archive-date=2009-03-26 }}</ref>。此外，部分地區會以氟硅酸鈉為[[飲水加氟|食水加氟]]。

==参考文献==
{{reflist}}

{{氟硅酸盐}}
[[Category:钠化合物]]
[[Category:氟硅酸盐]]
[[Category:缺少物质图片的化学品条目]]