查看“︁氟化镁”︁的源代码

{{chembox
|   Name = 氟化镁
|   Reference = <ref name="hand">
{{Citation
 | last = Lide
 | first = David R.
 | year = 1998
 | title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
 | edition = 87
 | publication-place = Boca Raton, FL
 | publisher = CRC Press
 | isbn = 0849305942
 | pages = 4–67; 1363}}</ref>
|   ImageFile = Rutile-unit-cell-3D-balls.png
|   ImageSize = 
|   ImageName = 氟化镁
|   OtherNames = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   CASNo = 7783-40-6
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|   PubChem  =  24546
|   RTECS  =  OM3325000
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}|  ChemSpiderID  =  22952
|   InChI  =  1/2FH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
|   InChIKey  =  ORUIBWPALBXDOA-NUQVWONBAK
|   SMILES  =  [Mg+2].[F-].[F-]
|   StdInChI_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChI  =  1S/2FH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
|   StdInChIKey_Ref  = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}|  StdInChIKey  =  ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L
|   EINECS  =  231-995-1
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = MgF<sub>2</sub>
|   MolarMass = 62.3018
| Appearance = 无色[[四方晶系|四方]]晶体
|   Density = 3.148 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   Solubility = 0.013 g/100 mL
|   SolubilityProduct = 5.16·10<sup>-11</sup>
|   SolOther = 溶于[[硝酸]]，不溶于[[乙醇]]
|   MeltingPt = 1261°C <ref>Pradyot Patnaik. ''Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals''. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0070494398</ref>
|   BoilingPt = 2260°C (分解)
|   RefractIndex = 1.37397
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   CrystalStruct = [[四方晶系|红金石构型]] (四方), tP6
|   SpaceGroup = P4<sub>2</sub>/mnm, No. 136
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -1124.2 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>
| DeltaHc = 
| Entropy = 57.2 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>
| HeatCapacity = 61.6 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup>
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   SPhrases = {{S22}}, {{S25}}
  }}
}}

'''氟化镁'''，是一种[[无机化合物]]，化学式 MgF<sub>2</sub>。它是一种白色晶体，在很宽的[[波长]]范围里都是透明的，所以可用于[[空间望远镜]]中。它在天然中以稀有矿物{{le|氟镁石|sellaite}}的形式存在。

==性质==
氟化镁是一种无色立方[[晶体|晶體]]或粉末，无味，难溶于水和[[醇]]，微溶于稀酸，溶于[[硝酸]]。在[[电光效应|电光]]下加热呈弱紫色荧光，其晶体有良好的[[偏振]]作用，特别适于紫外线和[[红外光谱学|红外光谱]]。有毒性。

==制备==
由[[菱镁矿]]（[[碳酸镁]]）与过量的[[氢氟酸]]在90～95°C下进行反应，再经过滤、洗涤、干燥、粉碎得到氟化镁成品。<ref name="zghg">中国化工产品大全 上卷，Bc169 氟化镁，页168</ref>
:<math>\rm \ MgCO_3+2HF\rightarrow MgF_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow</math>

==用途==
用作冶炼金属[[镁]]时的助熔剂、电解铝的添加剂、光学透镜镀膜、钛颜料的涂着剂、阴极射线屏的荧光材料等。<ref name="zghg" />

==参见==
*[[氯化镁]]、[[溴化镁]]、[[碘化镁]]
*[[氟化铍]]、[[氟化钙]]、[[氟化锶]]、[[氟化钡]]

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

{{鎂化合物}}

[[Category:镁化合物]]
[[Category:氟化物]]
[[Category:碱土金属卤化物]]