查看“︁推力重量比”︁的源代码

'''推力重量比'''（简称'''推重比'''、'''''TWR''''' (Thrust-to-weight ratio)）是一个[[無量纲]]的参数，用来描述利用排氣產生的推力以及所負擔的重量之間的比例。這種描述多使用於[[火箭]]或[[喷气发动机]]作為推力來源的飛行器上，譬如[[飛彈]]或者是[[飛機]]。

如果是計算飛行器的推重比，比如飞机，是用海平面的最大静推力除以[[最大起飞重量]]得出。如果是計算發動機的推重比，重量是以發動機本身的重量與所產生的推力作比較。

由於噴氣發動機產生的推力會隨高度而改變，飛行器的重量計算的標準也沒有一定，因此推重比的數字在使用不同的重量或者是推力下會產生不小的差異。譬如說，當使用飛機最大起飛重量或者是只有50%燃料的重量分別計算推重比時，計算出來的數字差別很大。

==例子==
[[俄罗斯]][[RD-180]]的海平面推力为3,820&nbsp;kN，净重5,307&nbsp;kg，地球表面重力加速度取9.80665&nbsp;m/s²，则海平面推重比为: (1&nbsp;kN = 1000&nbsp;N = 1000&nbsp;kg&sdot;m/s²)

<math>twr=\frac{T}{W}=\frac{3,820\ \mathrm{kN}}{(5,307\ \mathrm{kg})(9.807\ \mathrm{m/s^2})}=0.07340\ \frac{\mathrm{kN}}{\mathrm{N}}=73.40\ \frac{\mathrm{N}}{\mathrm{N}}=73.40</math>

===航空===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 飛行器
! 推重比
|-
| [[B-2 Spirit]]
| 0.205<ref>[[B-2 Spirit]]</ref>
|-
| [[協和式客機]]
| 0.373
|-
| [[F-35|F-35闪电II战斗机]]
| 0.8<ref>[http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2015-07/05/c_127986736.htm F16到底能不能干掉F35？] {{Wayback|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/world/2015-07/05/c_127986736.htm |date=20201124132538 }}新華網，2015年7月5日</ref>
|-
| [[Su-30]]
| 1.00<ref name="Wikipedia">{{cite web | url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30MKM#Specifications_.28Su-30MKM.29 | title=Sukhoi-Su30MKM | accessdate=14 November 2014 | archive-date=2020-11-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112014214/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30MKM#Specifications_.28Su-30MKM.29 | dead-url=no }}</ref>
|-
| [[F-15|F-15 鷹]]
| 1.04<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blF_15_Eagle.htm |title=F-15 鷹 |access-date=2008-07-29 |archive-date=2012-07-09 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709021041/http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blF_15_Eagle.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|-
| [[F-16|F-16 戰隼]]
| 1.096
|-
| [[AV-8|獵鷹式戰鬥機]]
| 1.1
|-
| [[陣風戰鬥機]]
| 1.13
|-
| [[米格29]]
| 1.13
|-
| [[颱風戰鬥機]]
| 1.15<ref name=Typhoon_Janes>"Eurofighter Typhoon". ''All the World's Aircraft''. Jane's Information Group, 2013.</ref>
|-
| [[F-22|F-22猛禽]]
| 1.26<ref name=militaire>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aviationsmilitaires.net/display/aircraft/87/f_a-22 |title=存档副本 |access-date=2015-04-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225213945/http://www.aviationsmilitaires.net/display/aircraft/87/f_a-22 |archive-date=2014-02-25 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
|}

==发动机==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! 名称
! 推重比
|-
| [[协和号]]的[[奥林匹斯593发动机|奥林匹斯 593]]
| 4.0<ref>[http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/AEP/supersonic_noise/media/1-Panel3-Brines_Smith-AADC.pdf 奥林匹斯 593] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080910075405/http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/AEP/supersonic_noise/media/1-Panel3-Brines_Smith-AADC.pdf |date=2008-09-10 }}</ref>
|-
| {{link-en|J-58|Pratt & Whitney J58}} （[[SR-71]] 黑鸟的发动机）
| 5.2<ref>[http://www.marchfield.org/sr71a.htm 黑鸟] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000304181849/http://www.marchfield.org/sr71a.htm |date=2000-03-04 }}</ref>
|-
| [[普惠_F119|F119-PW-100]]([[F22]]战斗机的发动机)
|11.2
|-
| [[RS-25]]
| 73.12<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/engines/ssme.htm |title=SSME |access-date=2008-07-29 |archive-date=2016-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310045506/http://www.astronautix.com/engines/ssme.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>
|-
| [[RD-180]]<ref>{{cite web|title=RD-180 |publisher= |url=http://www.astronautix.com/engines/rd180.htm |accessdate=2009-09-25 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118104334/http://astronautix.com/engines/rd180.htm |archivedate=2010-01-18 }}</ref>
| 73.4
|-
| [[RD-170]]
| 82.5
|-
| [[F-1火箭发动机|洛克达因F-1发动机]]（[[土星五号]]火箭第一级发动机）
| 94.1<ref>[http://www.astronautix.com/engines/f1.htm Encyclopedia Astronautica: F-1] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109232214/http://www.astronautix.com/engines/f1.htm |date=2013-11-09 }}</ref>
|-
| [[NK-33]]<ref name="NK33">[http://www.astronautix.com/engines/nk33.htm Astronautix NK-33 entry] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020625124013/http://www.astronautix.com/engines/nk33.htm |date=2002-06-25 }}</ref>
| 136.7
|-
| [[默林火箭發動機#默林1D|默林1D]]<ref name="Merlin 1D">{{cite web |last=Mueller |first=Thomas |title=Is SpaceX's Merlin 1D's thrust-to-weight ratio of 150+ believable? |url=https://www.quora.com/Is-SpaceXs-Merlin-1Ds-thrust-to-weight-ratio-of-150+-believable/answer/Thomas-Mueller-11 |accessdate=July 9, 2015 |date=June 8, 2015 |quote=The Merlin 1D weighs 1030 pounds, including the hydraulic steering (TVC) actuators.  It makes 162,500 pounds of thrust in vacuum.  that is nearly 158 thrust/weight.  The new full thrust variant weighs the same and makes about 185,500 lbs force in vacuum.}}</ref>
| 180.1
|}

==相关条目==
*[[功重比]]

==參考資料==
{{reflist|2}}

==參考文獻==
{{refbegin}}
* John P. Fielding. ''Introduction to Aircraft Design'', Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-65722-8
* Daniel P. Raymer (1989). ''Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach'', American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., Washington, DC. ISBN 0-930403-51-7
* George P. Sutton & Oscar Biblarz. ''Rocket Propulsion Elements'', Wiley, ISBN 978-0-471-32642-7
{{refend}}

==外部連結==
* [http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/fwrat.html NASA webpage with overview and explanatory diagram of aircraft thrust to weight ratio] {{Wayback|url=http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/fwrat.html |date=20210319234700 }}

{{飞机结构}}

[[Category:发动机]]
[[Category:比率]]