查看“︁叔戊酸”︁的源代码

{{chembox
|Name = 2,2-二甲基丙酸
|ImageFileL1 = Pivalic acid.svg
|ImageSizeL1 = 100px
|ImageFileR1 = Pivalic-acid-3D-balls.png
|ImageSizeR1 = 120px
|IUPACName = 2,2-Dimethylpropanoic acid
|OtherNames = 叔戊酸<br />新戊酸<br />特戊酸<br />三甲基乙酸<br />PivOH
|Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 75-98-9
|   PubChem  =  6417
|   SMILES  =  CC(C)(C)C(=O)O
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 322719
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 6177
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 45133
| SMILES2 = O=C(O)C(C)(C)C
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C5H10O2/c1-5(2,3)4(6)7/h1-3H3,(H,6,7)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 
}}
|Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  Formula = C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>2</sub>
|  MolarMass = 102.132
|  Appearance = 无色有刺鼻气味固体<ref name="BIA Gestis">{{GESTIS|ZVG=37490|CAS=75-98-9|Datum=30. März 2008}}</ref>
|  Density= 0.905 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|  MeltingPt= 35 °C
|  BoilingPt= 163.7 °C
|  Solubility = 25 g/l (20 °C)
|  VaporPressure = 9.5 Pa (20 °C)
|  RefractIndex = 1.393 (20 °C)<ref name="zghg">中国化工产品大全 上卷，Da158 叔戊酸，页520</ref>
  }}
|Section3= {{Chembox Hazards
|  MainHazards =
|  EUClass = 有害（'''Xn'''）
|  RPhrases = {{R21/22}},{{R38}},{{R41}}
|  SPhrases = {{S26}},{{S36/37/39}}
|  LD50 = 900 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup> (大鼠经口)<ref>Sigma-Aldrich: [http://caligula.bcs.deakin.edu.au/bcs_admin/msds/msds_docs/Trimethylacetic%20acid.pdf Sicherheitsdatenblatt] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808181033/http://caligula.bcs.deakin.edu.au/bcs_admin/msds/msds_docs/Trimethylacetic%20acid.pdf |date=2008-08-08 }}</ref>
  }}
}}

'''叔戊酸'''，结构式(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>CCOOH。

==性质==
无色有刺鼻气味的结晶。有腐蚀性。溶于水，易溶于[[乙醇]]、[[乙醚]]。

==制备==
1、由[[异丁醇]]与[[甲酸]]在[[浓硫酸]]作用下反应而得。
:<math>\ CH_3CH(CH_3)CH_2OH+HCOOH\rightarrow (CH_3)_3CCOOH+H_2O</math>

2、由[[异丁烯]]与[[一氧化碳]]在加压条件下催化合成。经精馏得到成品。
:<math>\ (CH_3)_2C\!=\!CH_2+CO+H_2O \ \xrightarrow {H_2SO_4} \ (CH_3)_3CCOOH</math>

==用途==
用于合成香料和引发剂[[TBPP]]，也用作聚氯乙烯稳定剂。

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:烷基酸]]