查看“︁十氟化二硫”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
|  ImageFile = Disulfur-decafluoride-2D-dimensions.png
|   ImageSize = 210px
|   ImageName = 十氟化二硫的分子结构
|  ImageFileR1 = Disulfur-decafluoride-3D-vdW.png
|   ImageSizeR1 = 110px
|   ImageNameR1 = 十氟化二硫分子的比例模型
|  ImageFileL1 = Disulfur-decafluoride-3D-balls.png
|   ImageSizeL1 = 130px
|   ImageNameL1 = 十氟化二硫分子的球棍模型
|  PIN = Disulfur decafluoride
|  SystematicName = Decafluoro-1λ<sup>6</sup>,2λ<sup>6</sup>-disulfane
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 5714-22-7
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|   PubChem  =  62586
|    PubChem_Ref  = {{Pubchemcite}}|   ChemSpiderID  =  56348
|    ChemSpiderID_Ref  = {{Chemspidercite}}|   EINECS  =  227-204-4
|   MeSHName  =  Disulfur+decafluoride
|   SMILES  =  FS(F)(F)(F)(F)S(F)(F)(F)(F)F
|   InChI  =  1S/F10S2/c1-11(2,3,4,5)12(6,7,8,9)10
|   InChIKey  =  BPFZRKQDXVZTFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = S<sub>2</sub>F<sub>10</sub>
|   MolarMass = 254.1
|   Density = 2.08 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   MeltingPtC = -53 
|   BoilingPtC = 30.1
|   Appearance = 无色液体
|   Odor = 有类似[[二氧化硫]]的气味<ref name="odor">[http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0579.html CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards]</ref>
|   Solubility = 不溶<Ref>http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB0751782.htm</ref>
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   MainHazards = 有毒
|   {{NFPA 704}}
|   NFPA-H = 4
|   NFPA-F = 3
|   NFPA-R = 2
|   NFPA-O = 
  }}
}}
'''十氟化二硫''' (分子式 {{化學式|硫|2|氟|10}}，最简式 SF<sub>5</sub>)，在标准状况下是一种无色、易挥发的液体，沸点30.1℃，不溶于水，有剧毒，有类似[[二氧化硫]]的刺激性气味。<ref name="odor"/> 十氟化二硫分子中，每个硫原子以[[八面体]]构型被5个氟原子包围。<ref name="Harvey Bauer 1953 pp. 2840–2846">{{cite journal | last=Harvey | first=R. B. | last2=Bauer | first2=S. H. | title=An Electron Diffraction Study of Disulfur Decafluoride | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=75 | issue=12 | year=1953 | issn=0002-7863 | doi=10.1021/ja01108a015 | pages=2840–2846}}</ref> 十氟化二硫有[[剧毒]]，毒性至少是[[光气]]的三倍<ref>Fritz Ullmann; Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie, ISBN 978-3-527-20000-9.</ref>，在[[第二次世界大战]]中被考虑过作为潜在的[[化学武器]]使用，但没有证据表明被投入过实战。它是一种[[窒息性毒剂]]，由于它无[[催泪]]作用，对皮肤也没有刺激性，因此人接触后不易产生警惕。通常通过[[电解]][[六氟化硫]] (SF<sub>6</sub>，一种用于[[变压器]]等[[高压电]]设备的[[绝缘气体]]) 来制取。在制取[[六氟化硫]]时，也会产生十氟化二硫，不过在净化的过程中会被除去。

==制取==
十氟化二硫通常利用[[电解]][[六氟化硫]]的方法来制取：

:<math>\mathrm{2 SF_6 \to S_2 F_{10} + F_2}</math>

==性质==

* 在这种[[化合物]]中，硫的[[氧化态]]为 +5。

* 在 150°C 以上缓慢分解，生成 [[六氟化硫|{{chem|SF|6}}]] 和 [[四氟化硫|{{chem|SF|4}}]]：

:<math>\mathrm{S_2 F_{10} \to SF_6 + SF_4}</math>

* 能与 [[四氟肼|{{chem|N|2|F|4}}]] 反应，生成 {{chem|SF|5|NF|2}}：

:<math>\mathrm{S_2F_{10} + N_2F_4 \to 2 SF_5NF_2}</math>

* 能与过量的[[氯|氯气]]反应，生成 {{chem|SF|5|Cl}}：

:<math>\mathrm{S_2F_{10} + Cl_2 \to 2 SF_5Cl}</math>

* 能于[[溴]]发生类似的反应，生成 {{chem|SF|5|Br}}。这个反应是可逆的。<ref name="Cohen MacDiarmid 1965 pp. 1782–1785">{{cite journal | last=Cohen | first=Bernard | last2=MacDiarmid | first2=Alan G. | title=Chemical Properties of Disulfur Decafluoride | journal=Inorganic Chemistry | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=4 | issue=12 | year=1965 | issn=0020-1669 | doi=10.1021/ic50034a025 | pages=1782–1785}}</ref> 该反应的逆反应可用于以 {{chem|SF|5|Br}} 为原料制取 {{chem|S|2|F|10}}；<ref name="Winter Nixon Gard 1998 pp. 85–86">{{cite journal | last=Winter | first=R. | last2=Nixon | first2=P.G. | last3=Gard | first3=G.L. | title=A new preparation of disulfur decafluoride | journal=Journal of Fluorine Chemistry | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=87 | issue=1 | year=1998 | issn=0022-1139 | doi=10.1016/s0022-1139(97)00096-1 | pages=85–86}}</ref>

* 能氧化[[氨]]，生成 [[三氟化硫氮|{{chem|NSF|3}}]]。<ref>{{cite book | title = Biological Interactions of Sulfur Compounds | author = Mitchell, S. | publisher = CRC Press | year = 1996 | isbn = 0-7484-0245-4 | page = 14 }}</ref>

== 毒性 ==
十氟化二硫是带有类似[[二氧化硫]]气味的无色液体或气体<ref name="odor"/>，毒性大约是[[光气]]的四倍。其毒性被认为是由于它在肺中发生[[歧化反应]]，生成 [[六氟化硫|{{chem|SF|6}}]] 和 [[四氟化硫|{{chem|SF|4}}]]；{{chem|SF|6}} 较不活泼，而 {{chem|SF|4}} 能与肺中的水反应，生成[[亚硫酸]]和[[氢氟酸]]<ref>{{cite book | title = A Bridge not Attacked: Chemical Warfare Civilian Research During World War II | url = https://archive.org/details/bridgenotattacke0000john | author = Johnston, H. | publisher = World Scientific | year = 2003 | isbn = 981-238-153-8 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/bridgenotattacke0000john/page/33 33]–36 }}</ref>，伤害人体：

: <math>\mathrm{SF_{4} + 3H_{2}O \to H_{2}SO_{3} + 4 HF}</math>

因为十氟化二硫不溶于水，也不溶于大多数水溶液。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB0751782.htm |title=存档副本 |accessdate=2014-02-10 |archive-date=2014-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222154502/http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB0751782.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>

== 参考文献 ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==外部链接==
* {{cite web | url = http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/pel88/5714-22.html | title = Sulfur Pentaflu | work = 1988 OSHA PEL Project | publisher = CDC NIOSH | accessdate = 2014-02-10 | archive-date = 2014-02-21 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140221202129/http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/pel88/5714-22.html | dead-url = no }}

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{{化學武器}}
{{硫化合物}}

[[Category:氟化物]]
[[Category:硫的氟化物]]

[[Category:化学武器]]