查看“︁刺激-反應模型”︁的源代码

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'''刺激-反應模型''' （stimulus–response model）是將{{link-en|統計單元|statistical unit|}}（例如[[神經元]]）用[[黑箱]]模型來表示，以預測在特定量化刺激下的量化反應<!--for example one administered by a researcher.-->。

==應用領域==
刺激-反應模型可以應用在國際關係<ref>
{{cite book
 | title = What causes war?: an introduction to theories of international conflict
 | chapter = International Interaction: Stimulus–Response Theory and Arms Races
 | author = Greg Cashman
 | publisher = Lexington Books
 | year = 2000
 | isbn = 978-0-7391-0112-4
 | pages = 160–192
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=I9xIfeijGhMC&pg=PA167&dq=stimulus-response-model+statistical#v=onepage&q=stimulus-response-model%20statistical&f=false
 }}</ref>、{{le|神經心理學測試|Neuropsychological test}}<ref>
{{cite book
 | title = The Counselor's Companion: What Every Beginning Counselor Needs to Know
 | editor = Jocelyn Gregoire and Christin Jungers
 | chapter = Counseling Across the Life Span
 | author = Stephen P. Kachmar and Kimberly Blair
 | publisher = Routledge
 | year = 2007
 | isbn = 978-0-8058-5684-2
 | page = 143
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5V9nvsKeBgIC&pg=RA1-PA143&dq=stimulus-response-model++behavior#v=onepage&q=stimulus-response-model%20%20behavior&f=false
 }}</ref>、[[风险评估]]<ref>
{{cite book
 | title = Analyzing environmental data
 | chapter = Quantitative Risk Assessment with Stimulus–Response Data
 | author = Walter W. Piegorsch and A. John Bailer
 | publisher = John Wiley and Sons
 | year = 2005
 | isbn = 978-0-470-84836-4
 | pages = 171–214
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FrNv8AwkoKgC&pg=PA172&dq=stimulus-response-model+statistical#v=onepage&q=stimulus-response-model%20statistical&f=false
 }}</ref>、[[神经科学]]<ref>
{{cite book
 | title = Computer simulation in brain science
 | chapter = Neurons with hysteresis?
 | author = Geoffrey W. Hoffmann
 | editor = Rodney Cotterill
 | publisher = Cambridge University Press
 | year = 1988
 | isbn = 978-0-521-34179-0
 | pages = 74–87
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=B6nfz--ePEEC&pg=PA79&dq=stimulus-response++neuron#v=onepage&q=stimulus-response%20%20neuron&f=false
 }}</ref>、神經啟發的系統設計<ref>
{{cite book
 | title = Systems methodology for software
 | author = Teodor Rus
 | publisher = World Scientific
 | year = 1993
 | isbn = 978-981-02-1254-4
 | page = 12
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=l7o31p-6dlAC&pg=PA12&dq=stimulus-response-model++neuron#v=onepage&q=stimulus-response-model%20%20neuron&f=false
 }}</ref>等領域。

==數學模型==
刺激-反應模型的目的是建立可以描述刺激''x''和反應''Y''期望值（或是其他量測）之間關係的函數''f''{{Citation needed|date=2018年8月}}：

: <math>E(Y) = f(x)</math>

常見的簡化方式會假設函數是線性的，因此會有以下的關係

: <math>E(Y) = \alpha + \beta x.</math>

有關{{link-en|線性模型|linear model}}的{{link-en|統計理論|Statistical theory}}已發展了五十年以上，也發展了標準的分析方式，稱為[[線性回歸]]。
==參考資料==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:行为概念]]
[[Category:特定模型]]