查看“︁六氟磷酸铵”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
|   Name = 六氟磷酸铵
|ImageFile=Ammonium hexafluorophosphate.png
|   IUPACName =ammonium hexafluorophosphate
|   OtherNames =氟磷酸銨
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 16941-11-0 
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| SMILES =  [NH4+].F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F
| RTECS =  
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = NH<sub>4</sub>[PF<sub>6</sub>] 
|   MolarMass = 163.00
|   Appearance = 无色固体<ref name="Sigma" />
|   Density = 2.18 g/cm<sup>3</sup>（25℃）<ref name="Sigma" />
|   Solubility =74.8g/100 mL(20°C)<ref name="Dale L. Perry">{{Literatur | Autor  = Dale L. Perry | Titel = Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Second Edition | Verlag = Taylor & Francis US | ISBN = 143981462-7 | Jahr = 2011 | Online = {{Google Buch | BuchID = SFD30BvPBhoC | Seite = 25 }} | Seiten = 25 }}</ref>
|   MeltingPt =58°C （分解）<ref name="Sigma" />
| SolubleOther=可溶于乙酸、甲醇和乙醇<ref name="Sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|Aldrich|216593|Datum=23. September 2013|Name=Ammonium hexafluorophosphate, 99.99% trace metals basis}}</ref>
|   pKa = 
|   pKb = 
|   Viscosity = 
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   MolShape = 
|   Coordination = 
|   CrystalStruct = 
|   Dipole =
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS=[http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/AM/ammonium_hexafluorophosphate.html 英文MSDS]
|   MainHazards = 對皮膚和眼睛會造成刺激
|   FlashPt = 
|   RPhrases ={{R20}}, {{R21}}, {{R22}}, {{R34}}
|   SPhrases = 
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions =[[磷酸铵]]
|   OtherCations =[[六氟磷酸]]<br />[[六氟磷酸锂]]<br />[[六氟磷酸钠]]<br />[[六氟磷酸钾]]
|   OtherCpds = 
  }}
}}
'''六氟磷酸銨'''又稱'''氟磷酸銨'''，[[分子式]]NH<sub>4</sub>[PF<sub>6</sub>]。

== 制备 ==
[[氟化铵]]与[[五氯化磷]]反应生成六氟磷酸銨。<ref name="brauer">[[Georg Brauer]] (Hrsg.), unter Mitarbeit von [[Marianne Baudler]] u.&nbsp;a.: ''Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie.'' 3., umgearbeitete Auflage. Band I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6, S. 214.</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{ PCl_5 + 6 \ NH_4F \longrightarrow NH_4[PF_6] + 5 \ NH_4Cl }</math>

它也可以由[[二氯氮化磷]]和[[氢氟酸]]反应而成。<ref name="brauer" />
:<math>\mathrm{ (NPCl_2)_n + 6 \ n \ HF \longrightarrow n \ NH_4[PF_6] + 2 \ n \ HCl }</math>

== 性质==
六氟磷酸盐是一种无色固体。<ref name="Lange1930" /> 它可溶于水、[[丙酮]]、[[甲醇]]和[[乙醇]]。<ref name="Lange1930" />它在熔化之前就会分解。<ref name="brauer" />

== 用处==
六氟磷酸铵可以用来制备其它[[六氟磷酸盐]]。<ref name="brauer" /><ref name="Lange1930" /> 它分别和 RbCl 和CsCl 反应，形成[[六氟磷酸铷]]和[[六氟磷酸铯]]。<ref name="Lange1930" />

==參見==
*[[六氟磷酸鹽]]
*[[四丁基六氟磷酸铵]]
*[[氟硅酸铵]]

==參考文獻==
<references>
<ref name="Lange1930">
{{Literatur|Autor=Willy Lange, Emil Müller|Titel=Über die Salze der Phosphor-hexafluorwasserstoffsäure, HPF<sub>6</sub>|Sammelwerk=Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft (A and B Series)|Band=63|Nummer=5|Verlag=Wiley|Datum=1930-05-07|Seiten=1058–1070|ISSN=1099-0682|DOI=10.1002/cber.19300630510|Online=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cber.19300630510/abstract}}</ref> 
</references>
*{{cite web|url= http://www.chemyq.com/xz/xz3/22747vcoro.htm|title= 六氟磷酸铵|publisher= 化工辭典|accessdate= 2008-04-22|archive-date= 2011-12-04|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111204214827/http://chemyq.com/xz/xz3/22747vcoro.htm|dead-url= no}}

{{六氟磷酸盐}}
{{無機化合物小作品}}
[[Category:銨鹽]]
[[Category:六氟磷酸盐]]
[[Category:非金属卤化物]]
[[Category:缺少物质图片的化学品条目]]