查看“︁六偏磷酸钠”︁的源代码

{{chembox
|   Reference=<ref>''[[Merck Index]]'', 12th Edition, Sodium polymetaphosphate, '''8814'''</ref>
|   ImageFile = sodium hexametaphosphate.png
|   ImageSize = 200px
|  OtherNames = 
|   NameEn = Sodium hexametaphosphate
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 10124-56-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo_Comment = 六偏磷酸钠
| CASNo1 = 50813-16-6
| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo1_Comment = 多偏磷酸钠
| SMILES = [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].O=P1([O-])OP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)([O-])O1
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = (NaPO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>
|   Appearance = 白色、无臭、结晶粉末
|   MolarMass = 611.77 
|   MeltingPt = 550 °C
|   BoilingPt = 1500 °C
|   Density = 2.484 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   Solubility = 可溶
|   SolubleOther = 难溶
|    Solvent = 有机溶剂
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   Structure = 
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://web.archive.org/web/20060722234918/http://www.sciencelab.com/xMSDS-Sodium_hexametaphosphate-9924995 External MSDS]
|   EUIndex = 未列明
|   MainHazards = 刺激性
|   NFPA-H = 
|   NFPA-F =
|   NFPA-R =
|   FlashPt = 不可燃
|   LD50 = 3053 mg/kg
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[磷酸钠]]<br/>[[焦磷酸钠]]<br/>[[三聚磷酸钠]]
|   OtherCations = 
|   OtherCpds = [[三偏磷酸钠]]
  }}
}}
'''六偏磷酸钠'''（{{lang-en|Sodium hexametaphosphate}}，[[縮寫]]：SHMP、[[E編碼]]：E452(i)），是指六聚体 (NaPO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>。商品六偏磷酸钠是多种聚磷酸盐的混合物，即多偏磷酸钠，而六聚物是其中的一种。

==制备==
1、磷酸二氢钠法 由二水[[磷酸二氢钠]]加热至110～230°C分别脱去两个结晶水和结构水，再进一步加热至620°C脱水，生成[[偏磷酸钠]]熔融物，并聚合成六偏磷酸钠。然后卸出，从650°C冷却至60～80°C时制片，经粉碎制得六偏磷酸钠成品。<ref name="zghg">中国化工产品大全 上卷，Bc276 工业六偏磷酸钠，页252</ref>
:<math>\rm \ NaH_2PO_4\cdot 2H_2O\rightarrow NaH_2PO_4 + 2H_2O</math>
:<math>\rm \ 2NaH_2PO_4\rightarrow Na_2H_2P_2O_7+H_2O</math>
:<math>\rm \ Na_2H_2P_2O_7\rightarrow 2NaPO_3+H_2O</math>
:<math>\rm \ 6 NaPO_3\rightarrow (NaPO_3)_6</math>

2、由[[五氧化二磷]]与[[纯碱]]按一定比例混合反应，并加热使其脱聚，生成的六偏磷酸钠熔体经骤冷制片、冷却，得到工业六偏磷酸钠成品。<ref name="zghg" />
:<math>\rm \ P_2O_5+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow 2NaPO_3+CO_2\uparrow</math>
:<math>\rm \ 6NaPO_3\rightarrow (NaPO_3)_6</math>

==用途==
六偏磷酸钠是一种多价[[螯合剂]]并在工业中广泛运用，包括作为[[食品添加剂]]。可以将[[碳酸钠]]加入六偏磷酸钠中，提高其pH值至8.0-8.6，作为[[硬水]][[软化剂]]和[[清洁剂]]使用。<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.befoodsmart.com/ingredients/sodium-hexametaphosphate.php | title=Ingredient Results - Sodium Hexametaphosphate | accessdate=2018-12-24 | archive-date=2020-07-27 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727104642/http://www.befoodsmart.com/ingredients/sodium-hexametaphosphate.php | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/foodadditivesingredients/ucm091048.htm | title=Food Additives & Ingredients - Food Additive Status List | accessdate=2018-12-24 | archive-date=2020-12-12 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212062239/https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/FoodAdditivesIngredients/ucm091048.htm | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/cfrsearch.cfm?fr=173.310 | title=CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 | accessdate=2018-12-24 | archive-date=2020-11-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123172621/https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=173.310 | dead-url=no }}</ref>
<ref>''The Role Of Sodium Hexametaphosphate In The Dissolution Process Of Kaolinite And Kaolin''F. Andreola; E.Castellini; T.Manfredini; M.Romagnoli. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Volume 24, Number 7, June 2004.</ref><ref>''Impact Of Dispersants On The Mechanical Strength Development Of Alumina-Spinel Self-Flowing Refractory Castables.'' Sasan Otroj, Mohammad Reza Nilforushan, Arash Daghighi, Reza Marzban. Ceramics – Silikáty 54 (3) 284–289 (2010)</ref><ref>''Effect Of Adding Sodium Hexametaphosphate Liquefier On Basic Properties Of Calcium Phosphate Cements''. S. Hesaraki; A. Zamanian; F. Moztarzadeh. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. Vol. 88A, No. 2, 2009</ref><ref>''Study Of Clay’s Mineralogy Effect On Rheological Behavior Of Ceramic Suspensions Using An Experimental Design.'' Afef Jmal Ayadi; Julien Soro; Amel Kamoun; Samir Baklouti. International Journal of Recent Research and Applied Studies 14 (2). February 2013.</ref>

==参见==
*[[磷酸钠]]
*[[聚合物]]
*[[螯合物]]

==参考文献==
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<references />
</div>

[[category:偏磷酸盐]]
[[Category:钠化合物]]
[[Category:缺少物质图片的化学品条目]]