查看“︁亚硫酸铵”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 423218139
|NameEn=Ammonium sulfite
| ImageFile = Ammonium sulfite.svg
| ImageSize = 
| ImageFile1 = Ammonium-sulfite-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize1 = 230px
| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick ninja of two ammonium cations and one sulfite anion
| IUPACName = Ammonium sulfite
| OtherNames = 
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 8LF589Y5GD
| InChI = 
| InChIKey = 
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/2H3N.H2O3S/c;;1-4(2)3/h2*1H3;(H2,1,2,3)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| SMILES = [O-]S([O-])=O.[NH4+].[NH4+]
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 10196-04-0
| PubChem = 25041
| UNNumber = 3077
| RTECS = 
| EC_number = 233-484-9
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 23404
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 116.14
| Appearance = 无色<ref name="chementity">{{cite web|url=http://www.chemthes.com/entity_datapage.php?id=3512|title=Chemical Entity Data Page|publisher=|access-date=2022-02-11|archive-date=2021-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620010541/https://chemthes.com/entity_datapage.php?id=3512}}</ref>[[吸湿]]晶体<ref name="MSDS"/>
| Density = 
| Solubility = 35 g/100 mL<ref name="chementity"/>
32.4g/100mL（0 ℃）<ref name="pubchem"/>
60.4g/100mL（100℃）<ref name="pubchem"/>
| SolubleOther = 不溶于丙酮和醇<ref name="MSDS"/>
| RefractIndex = 1.515.<ref name="pubchem"/>
| MeltingPtC = 65
| Melting_notes = 分解<ref name="chementity"/>
| BoilingPt = 
  }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = 
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|264|280|301+330+331|302+352|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|310|321|332+313|337+313|362|363|405|501}}
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-H = 2 
| NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPt = 不可燃<ref name="MSDS"/>
 }}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[氢氧化铵]]<br />[[硫代硫酸铵]]<br />[[硫酸铵]]<br />[[硫酸氢铵]]<br />[[过硫酸铵]]
| OtherCations = [[亚硫酸钠]]<br />[[亚硫酸钾]]
| OtherCompounds = 
 }}
}}
'''亚硫酸铵'''是[[亚硫酸]]的[[铵]]盐，化学式<math>\rm\ (NH_4)_2SO_3</math>。

==制备==
亚硫酸铵可以由[[氨]]和[[二氧化硫]]在[[水溶液]]中反应而成：

:<chem>2 NH3 + SO2 + H2O -> (NH4)2SO3</chem>

亚硫酸铵在气体洗涤器中由氢氧化铵生产，用于去除发电厂排放物中的二氧化硫。产物亚硫酸铵会被空气氧化成[[硫酸铵]]。<ref name=Ullmann>{{cite encyclopedia|author1=Karl-Heinz Zapp|title=Ammonium Compounds|encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year=2012|publisher=Wiley-VCH|location= Weinheim|doi=10.1002/14356007.a02_243}}</ref>

==性质==
亚硫酸铵是还原剂<ref name="chembook">{{cite web|url=http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_DE_CB0309297.htm|title=Ammoniumsulfit - 10196-04-0|publisher=|access-date=2022-02-11|archive-date=2022-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211081207/https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_DE_CB0309297.htm}}</ref>，加热生成二氧化硫和[[氮氧化物]]。

亚硫酸铵的比重为 1.41.<ref name="MSDS">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9922932 |title=Material Safety Data Sheet: Ammonium sulfite MSDS. accessed Oct 19, 2011) |access-date=2022-02-11 |archive-date=2018-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003202727/http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9922932 }}</ref>，折射率 1.515。<ref name="pubchem">{{cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=167823|title=SID 167823 - PubChem|first=|last=Pubchem|publisher=}}</ref>

==用途==
亚硫酸铵和硫反应，可以得到[[硫代硫酸铵]]。

亚硫酸铵可用作直发剂和卷发剂。<ref name="Cosmetics">[http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.details&id=31900 Europe. European Commission. Health and Consumers. Cosmetics - CosIng [Cosmetics Directive (v.1)]. European Commission. Web. 26 Oct. 2011.</ref>由于氢氧化钠会破坏头发，铵基美发产品已取代[[氢氧化钠]]基产品。

最常见的含亚硫酸铵的食品是[[焦糖色素]] E150d。根据FDA的说法，焦糖色素含有亚硫酸铵、亚硫酸钾或亚硫酸钠。<ref name="FDA">{{Cite web |url=http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?FR=73.85 |title=United States. FDA. CFR - Code of Federal Regulations Title 21. Health and Human Services. 1 Apr. 2011. Web |access-date=2022-02-11 |archive-date=2022-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318093353/https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=73.85 }}</ref>

亚硫酸铵用作摄影中定影剂的防腐剂。冲洗胶卷照片时，亚硫酸铵可以作为还原剂，用于保存{{le|定影剂|Photographic fixer}}（[[硫代硫酸钠]]或硫代硫酸铵）。<ref>{{Cite book|last=Haist|first=Grant Milford|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251467968|title=Modern photographic processing.|date=1979|publisher=Wiley|isbn=0-471-02228-4|location=New York|oclc=251467968}}</ref>

亚硫酸铵也可以制造砖头。用亚硫酸铵制成的砖主要用于高炉内衬。<ref name="Merck">O'Neil, Maryadele J. ''The Merck Index: an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals''. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck, 2001. 561. Print.</ref>

亚硫酸铵是用于冷金属加工的润滑剂的成分，这类润滑剂旨在减少摩擦以降低热量产生并防止杂质进入金属。<ref name="Merck"/>

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}
{{铵盐}}
{{亚硫酸盐}}

[[Category:铵盐]]
[[Category:亚硫酸盐]]
[[Category:缺少物质图片的化学品条目]]