查看“︁亚硝酸钾”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464212156
| Reference = 
| Name = 亚硝酸钾
| ImageFile = Potassium nitrite ball-and-stick.png
| ImageFile2 = Potassium nitrite KNO2.jpg
| ImageSize = 
| IUPACName = 
| OtherNames = 
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 794654G42L
| InChI = 1/K.HNO2/c;2-1-3/h;(H,2,3)/q+1;/p-1
| InChIKey = BXNHTSHTPBPRFX-REWHXWOFAI
| SMILES = [K+].[O-]N=O
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/K.HNO2/c;2-1-3/h;(H,2,3)/q+1;/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = BXNHTSHTPBPRFX-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| CASNo = 7758-09-0
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 516910
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 22857
| UNNumber = 
| RTECS = TT3750000
| EINECS = 231-832-4
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = KNO<sub>2</sub>
|   MolarMass = 85.10379
|   Appearance = 无色至微黄色潮解性柱状结晶<ref name=roempp>{{cite book en|author=Thieme Chemistry|title=RÖMPP Online - Version 3.5|publisher=Georg Thieme Verlag KG|location=Stuttgart|year=2009}}</ref>
|   Solubility = 281 g/100 mL (0&nbsp;°C) <br /> 413 g/100 mL (100&nbsp;°C)
|   SolOther = 溶于[[醇]]、[[氨]]
|   Density = 1.914986 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   MeltingPt = {{convert|440.02|C|K}}（分解）
|   BoilingPt = 分解
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/PO/potassium_nitrite.html External MSDS]
|   EUClass = 氧化性 ('''O''')<br />有害 ('''Xn''')<br />对环境有害 ('''N''')
|   RPhrases = {{R8}} {{R25}} {{R50}}. 
|   SPhrases = {{S1/2}}{{S45}} {{S61}}
|   MainHazards = 
|   NFPA-H = 2
|   NFPA-F = 0
|   NFPA-R = 2
|   NFPA-O = OX
|   LD50 = 85 mg/kg (大鼠经口)<ref name="chemyq">[http://www.chemyq.com/xz/xz13/126829uckiq.htm 亚硝酸钾；potassium nitrite]</ref>
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[亚砷酸钾]]
|   OtherCations = [[亚硝酸钠]]
|   OtherCpds = [[硝酸钾]]、[[亚硝酸]]
  }}
}}

'''亚硝酸钾'''是一种无机化合物，化学式为KNO<sub>2</sub>。

== 性质 ==
白色至微黄色棱柱状或棒状易[[潮解]]结晶。易溶于水和[[液氨]]，微溶于[[乙醇]]，不溶于[[丙酮]]。水溶液呈碱性。常温下性质稳定。加热至350&nbsp;°C以上时分解生成氧化钾并放出[[氧化氮]]气体。为還原剂，与有机物或其他可燃物接触可引起燃烧和爆炸，与[[铵盐]]或[[氰化物]]相混合时可能发生爆炸。遇酸放出剧毒的氧化氮气体。有毒，致癌。毒理见亚硝酸盐中毒。

== 制备 ==
由[[硝酸钾]]溶液与[[铅]]共热而得。<ref name="chemyq" />
:<math>\rm \ KNO_3+Pb\rightarrow KNO_2+PbO</math>

== 用途 ==
分析化学中，用于检测[[氨基酸]]、[[碘]]、[[钴]]和[[脲]]。也用作[[有机合成]]试剂、食物防腐剂和血管扩张药等。

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}

{{Potassium compounds}}
{{亚硝酸盐}}

[[Category:钾化合物]]
[[Category:亚硝酸盐]]
[[Category:血管扩张剂]]
[[Category:有E编码的食品添加剂]]