查看“︁五碘化钽”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| ImageFile = Ta2I10.svg
| ImageSize = 
| ImageAlt = 
| IUPACName = 
| OtherNames = Tantalum pentaiodide
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 14693-81-3
| CASNo_Comment = TaI<sub>5</sub>
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo1 = 26814-38-0
| CASNo1_Comment = Ta<sub>2</sub>I<sub>10</sub>
| CASNo1_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 
| SMILES = I[Ta-]1(I)(I)(I)[I+][Ta-](I)(I)(I)(I)[I+]1}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = Ta<sub>2</sub>I<sub>10</sub>
| MolarMass = 1631
| Appearance = 黑色固体
| Density = 5.8 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPtC = 543
| MeltingPt_notes = 升华
| BoilingPt = 
| Solubility = }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = 
| FlashPt = 
| AutoignitionPt = }}
}}
'''五碘化钽'''是一种[[无机化合物]]，化学式 Ta<sub>2</sub>I<sub>10</sub>。它是黑色的，对水分敏感的抗磁性固体。

==制备和结构==
五溴化钽可以由钽和过量的[[碘]]化合而成。  
:<chem>{2Ta} + 5I2 -> {Ta2I10}</chem>
它也可以由五氧化二钽和[[三碘化铝]]化合而成：<ref>G. Brauer "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Water" in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 2. p. 1316.</ref>
:<chem>{3Ta2O5} + 10AlI3 -> {3Ta2I10} + 5Al2O3</chem>
如对许多Nb和Ta的五卤化物所观察到的，其结构已经通过[[X射线晶体学]]验证，是双[[八面体形分子构型]]。<ref>U. Müller "Die Kristallstruktur von Tantalpentajodid und ihre Fehlordnung" Acta Crystallographica Section B 1979, volume 35, pp. 2502-9. {{doi|10.1107/S0567740879009778}}</ref>

==反应==
五碘化钽在[[乙腈]]中可以和[[五苯酚钽]]发生配体交换反应，生成Ta(OC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)<sub>n</sub>I<sub>5－n</sub>，其中Ta(OC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>)I<sub>4</sub>·CH<sub>3</sub>CN已被分离出来；它和{{le|五乙醇钽|Tantalum(V) ethoxide}}在乙腈中反应，可以得到TaOI<sub>3</sub>·CH<sub>3</sub>CN。<ref>Schoenherr, Martin. Tantalum(V) phenoxide iodides. ''Zeitschrift fuer Chemie'', 1980. 20 (4): 155. ISSN: 0044-2402.</ref>

它和金属[[钽]]粉、[[五氯化钽]]在450 °C反应，可以得到TaI<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B|volume=46|issue=3|issn=1865-7117|date=1991-03-01|pages=289–292|doi=10.1515/znb-1991-0306|url=https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/znb/46/3/article-p289.xml|title=TaI2Cl2, eine neue Verbindung vom MX4-Typ (M=Nb, Ta; X=Cl, Br, I) / TaI2Cl2, A New Compound of the MX4-Type (M=Nb, Ta; X=Cl, Br, I)|accessdate=2020-12-10|author=H.-Jürgen Meyer}}</ref>它在450 °C以上和氧气反应，可以得到[[五氧化二钽]]。<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Chemical Vapor Deposition|volume=9|issue=5|language=en|issn=0948-1907|date=2003-10-16|pages=245–248|doi=10.1002/cvde.200306243|url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/cvde.200306243|title=Atomic Layer Deposition of Ta2O5 Using the TaI5 and O2 Precursor Combination|accessdate=2020-12-10|author=J. Sundqvist, H. Högberg, A. Hårsta}}</ref>它可以被[[锌]]或[[镉]]在高温下还原为金属[[钽]]。<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Inorganic Materials|volume=51|issue=6|language=en|issn=0020-1685|date=2015-06|pages=593–597|doi=10.1134/S0020168515060059|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1134/S0020168515060059|title=Thermodynamic analysis of Ta chemical vapor deposition via the reduction of tantalum halides with cadmium and zinc|accessdate=2020-12-10|author=O. Yu. Goncharov, R. R. Faizullin, V. N. Guskov, L. Kh. Baldaev}}</ref>
:<chem>{Ta2I10} + {5Zn} -> {5ZnI2} + {2Ta}</chem>

==参考资料==
<references />

==拓展阅读==
<small>
* {{cite journal|journal=Chem. Commun.|volume=48|issue=5|language=en|issn=1359-7345|date=2012|pages=635–653|doi=10.1039/C1CC14592D|url=http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=C1CC14592D|title=Interaction of niobium and tantalum pentahalides with O-donors: coordination chemistry and activation reactions|accessdate=2020-12-10|author=Fabio Marchetti, Guido Pampaloni}}
* {{cite journal|journal=Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology|volume=69|issue=3|language=en|issn=0928-0707|date=2014-03|pages=596–604|doi=10.1007/s10971-013-3262-8|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10971-013-3262-8|title=Non-hydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of tantalum sulfides|accessdate=2020-12-10|author=Xiuquan Zhou, Christophe P. Heinrich, Martin Kluenker, Stephanie Dolique, Derek L. Mull, Cora Lind}}
</small>

{{钽化合物}}

[[Category:碘化物]]
[[Category:钽化合物]]
[[Category:金属卤化物]]