查看“︁五氟化铀”︁的源代码

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 402839070
|   Name = 五氟化铀
|   ImageFile = Beta-UF5.png
<!-- | ImageSize = 200px -->
|   ImageName = 五氟化铀固体
|   OtherNames = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 14676182
| InChI = 1/5FH.U/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+2/p-5
| InChIKey = YKLDBRIIJYAXGS-AACRGIKGAA
| SMILES = F[U](F)(F)(F)F
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/5FH.U/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+2/p-5
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = YKLDBRIIJYAXGS-UHFFFAOYSA-I
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 13775-07-0
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = UF<sub>5</sub>
|   MolarMass =333.020926
|   Density =
|   Solvent = 
|   SolubleOther =
|   MeltingPt =
|   BoilingPt = }}
}}
'''五氟化铀'''是一种[[铀]]的[[氟]]化物，其[[化学式]]为UF<sub>5</sub>。

五氟化铀是一种[[配位聚合物]]，由UF<sub>5</sub>单元通过氟桥键连接成[[线形]]链。

这种[[铀盐]]的特点已经由C.J. Howard、J.C Taylor和A.B. Waugh报道。<ref>{{cite journal | journal = [[Journal of Solid State Chemistry]] | year = 1982 | volume = 45 | pages = 396–398 | title = Crystallographic parameters in α-UF5 and U2F9 by multiphase refinement of high-resolution neutron powder data | author = C. J. Howard, J. C. Taylor and A. B. Waugh | doi = 10.1016/0022-4596(82)90185-2}}</ref>

==制备==
五氟化铀是把[[四氟化铀]]氟化成 UF<sub>6</sub>时的中间体：
:2{{nbsp}}UF<sub>4</sub>  +  F<sub>2</sub>  →  2{{nbsp}}UF<sub>5</sub>
:2{{nbsp}}UF<sub>5</sub>  +  F<sub>2</sub>  →  2{{nbsp}}UF<sub>6</sub>

它也可以由[[六氯化铀]]或[[五氯化铀]]和[[氟化氢]]反应而成。<ref name="brauer">[[Georg Brauer]] (Hrsg.), unter Mitarbeit von [[Marianne Baudler]] u.&nbsp;a.: ''Handbuch der Präparativen Anorganischen Chemie.'' 3., umgearbeitete Auflage. Band II, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-432-87813-3, S. 1203–1204.</ref>

:<math>\mathrm{2 \ UCl_6 + 10 \ HF \longrightarrow 2 \ UF_5 + 10 \ HCl + Cl_2}</math>

:<math>\mathrm{2 \ UCl_5 + 10 \ HF \longrightarrow 2 \ UF_5 + 10 \ HCl}</math>

五氟化铀还可以通过[[六氟化铀]]和[[四氟化铀]]的[[归中反应]]而成：<ref name="brauer" />
:<math>\mathrm{UF_4 + UF_6 \longrightarrow 2 \ UF_5}</math>

它也可以由六氟化铀被[[一氧化碳]]在高温下还原而成：<ref>Gordon W. Halstead, P. Gary Eller "Uranium(V) Fluorides and Alkoxides" Inorganic Syntheses 1982, volume 21, 162. {{DOI|10.1002/9780470132524.ch35}}</ref> 
: 2{{nbsp}}UF<sub>6</sub>  +  CO   →  2{{nbsp}}UF<sub>5</sub>  +  COF<sub>2</sub>
使用其它还原剂（例如[[溴化氢]]<ref name="brauer" />和[[二氧化硫]]<ref name="Eller_1979">P. G. Eller, A. C. Larson, J. R. Peterson, D. D. Ensor, J. P. Young: „Crystal structures of α-UF<sub>5</sub> and U<sub>2</sub>F<sub>9</sub> and spectral characterization of U<sub>2</sub>F<sub>9</sub>“, in: ''[[Inorganica Chimica Acta]]'', '''1979''', ''37''&nbsp;(2), S.&nbsp;129–133 ({{DOI|10.1016/S0020-1693(00)95530-0 }}).</ref>）也是可行的。<ref>{{cite journal | journal = Inorganica Chimica Acta | year = 1979 | volume = 37 | issue = 2 | pages = 129–133 | title = Crystal Structures of α-UF<sub>5</sub> and U<sub>2</sub>F<sub>9</sub> and Spectral Characterization of U<sub>2</sub>F<sub>9</sub> | author = Eller, P. G.| author2 = Larson, A. C.| author3 = Peterson, J. R.| author4 = Ensor, D. D.|author5 = Young, J. P.| doi = 10.1016/S0020-1693(00)95530-0 }}</ref>

==结构==
α相的五氟化铀是一种多聚体，由U-F-U顺式桥连和UF<sub>6</sub>八面体相连而成的无限链状结构。<ref name="howard1982">{{cite journal | journal = [[Journal of Solid State Chemistry]] | year = 1982 | volume = 45 | issue = 3 | pages = 396–398 | title = Crystallographic Parameters in α-UF<sub>5</sub> and U<sub>2</sub>F<sub>9</sub> by Multiphase Refinement of High-Resolution Neutron Powder Data | author = Howard, C. J.| author2 = Taylor, J. C.| author3 = Waugh, A. B.| doi = 10.1016/0022-4596(82)90185-2|bibcode = 1982JSSCh..45..396H }}</ref>这个结构和[[五氟化钒]]一样。

β相的五氟化铀中的铀中心是[[四方反棱柱]]结构的。<ref>{{cite journal | journal = [[Journal of Solid State Chemistry]] | year = 1980 | volume = 35 | issue = 2 | pages = 137–147 | title = Neutron Diffraction Study of β-Uranium Pentafluoride Between 77 and 403 K| author = Taylor, J. C.| author2 = Waugh, A. B.| doi = 10.1016/0022-4596(80)90485-5 |bibcode = 1980JSSCh..35..137T }}</ref>β相会在 130&nbsp;°C时转化成α相。<ref name="howard1982"/>

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}
{{铀化合物}}
{{氟化物}}

[[Category:卤化铀]]
[[Category:氟化物]]
[[Category:无机聚合物]]