查看“︁五氟化钒”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
|   Name = 五氟化钒
|   ImageFile = Kristallstruktur_Vanadium(V)-fluorid.png
|   ImageName = 
|   IUPACName = Vanadium(V) fluoride
|   OtherNames = 氟化钒(V)
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|   CASNo = 7783-72-4
|   PubChem = 165641
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = VF<sub>5</sub>
|   MolarMass = 145.934 
|   Appearance = 无色固体
|   Density = 2.502 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (固)
|   MeltingPt = 19.5&nbsp;°C
|   BoilingPt = 48.3&nbsp;°C
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherCations = [[五氟化铌]]、[[五氟化钽]]
|   Function = 钒化合物
|   OtherFunctn = [[五氧化二钒]]
  }}
}}

'''五氟化钒'''是钒惟一的五卤化物，化学式为VF<sub>5</sub>。

== 制备 ==
将金属钒加热到300&nbsp;°C，与氟或[[三氟化溴]]反应。或者在氮气气氛中加热到600&nbsp;°C使[[四氟化钒]]歧化。
:<math>\mathrm{2\ V + 5\ F_2 \longrightarrow 2\ VF_5}</math><ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1021/ja01576a023 | title = The Preparation and Properties of Vanadium Pentafluoride | year = 1957 | last1 = Trevorrow | first1 = L. E. | last2 = Fischer | first2 = J. | last3 = Steunenberg | first3 = R. K. | journal = Journal of the American Chemical Society | volume = 79 | issue = 19 | pages = 5167–5168}}</ref> 
:<math>\mathrm{2\ VF_4 \longrightarrow VF_3 + VF_5}</math><ref>{{cite journal | doi =10.1002/cber.19110440379 | title =Vanadinfluoride | year =1911 | last1 =Ruff | first1 =Otto |authorlink1=Otto Ruff| last2 =Lickfett | first2 =Herbert | journal =Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft | volume =44 | issue =3 | pages =2539–2549}}</ref>  <ref>{{cite journal | doi =10.1039/TF9635902706 | title =Thermochemistry of vanadium fluorides | year =1963 | last1 =Cavell | first1 =R. G. | last2 =Clark | first2 =H. C. | journal =Transactions of the Faraday Society | volume =59 | pages =2706}}</ref>

== 结构 ==
固态时是一种多聚体，由V-F-V顺式桥连和VF<sub>6</sub>八面体相连而成的无限链状结构。[[电子衍射]]和光谱实验标明，气态时五氟化钒为单体，空间构型为[[三角双锥]]，V-F键长为171pm。<ref name="无机化学丛书">{{cite book|title=《无机化学丛书》第八卷：钛分族、钒分族、铬分族|pages=P217-219|author=张青莲|isbn=7-03-002238-6|location=北京|publisher=科学出版社}}</ref>

== 性质 ==
五氟化钒是很强的氟化剂，常温下就能腐蚀玻璃：
:<math>\rm \ 4VF_5 + 5SiO_2 \rightarrow 2V_2O_5 + 5SiF_4</math>

== 参考资料 ==
{{reflist}}

{{钒化合物}}

[[Category:五价钒化合物]]
[[Category:氟化物]]
[[Category:卤化钒]]
[[Category:无机聚合物]]