查看“︁乙炔银”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 431909367
|  ImageFile = Silver acetylide.svg
|   ImageSize = 120px
|   ImageName = Wireframe model of silver acetylide
|  ImageFile2 = Silver acetylide3.jpg
|  PIN = Disilver acetylide
|  SystematicName = Disilver(1+) ethyndiide
|  OtherNames = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 7659-31-6
|  SMILES = [Ag+].[Ag+].[C-]#[C-]
|  InChI = 1S/C2.2Ag/c1-2;;/q-2;2*+1
|  InChIKey = FIDGMLJJLFFOEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N}}
| Section2= {{Chembox Properties
|  C=2|Ag=2
|  Appearance = 白色固体<ref>[http://www.docin.com/p-57777647.html 乙炔银沉淀生成实验的改进]</ref>
|  Density =
|  MeltingPt = 120 °C 分解<ref name="HoWi">Holleman/Wiberg: ''Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie''. 102. Auflage, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007.</ref>
|  BoilingPt = 
|  Solubility = 不溶
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
|  MainHazards = 高度易爆，有毒
|  FlashPtC = 77
|  AutoignitionC =
  }}
}}

'''乙炔银'''是一种[[无机化合物]]，化学式为Ag<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>，是一种[[金属乙炔化合物]]。该化合物可被视为弱[[酸]]（[[乙炔]]）的[[盐 (化学)|盐]]。盐的[[阴离子]]是两个由[[共价键|三键]]相连的[[碳]]原子。

== 合成 ==
* 将[[乙炔]]气体通过[[银氨溶液]]，产生白色沉淀乙炔银：
: <math>~\mathrm{CH \equiv CH + 2[Ag(NH_3)_2]OH \longrightarrow AgC \equiv CAg \downarrow + 4NH_3 \uparrow+2H_2O}</math>

* 将[[乙炔]]气体通过[[硝酸银]]的[[水]]溶液或[[乙醇]]溶液，产生灰色到白色的乙炔银沉淀：<ref>{{cite journal|author = G.-C. Guo, Q.-G. Wang, G.-D. Zhou, T. C. W. Mak|title =Synthesis and characterization of Ag<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>·2AgClO<sub>4</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O: a novel layer-type structure with the acetylide dianion functioning in a <sub>6</sub>-η<sup>1</sup>,η<sup>1</sup>:η<sup>2</sup>,η<sup>2</sup>:η<sup>2</sup>,η<sup>2</sup> bonding mode inside an octahedral silver cage|journal= [[Chem. Commun.]]|issue = 3|year= 1998|pages= 339–340|doi=10.1039/a708439k}}</ref>
: <math>~\mathrm{CH \equiv CH + 2Ag(NO_3) \longrightarrow AgC \equiv CAg \downarrow + 2HNO_3}</math>

:这和[[Marcellin Berthelot]]于1866年发现乙炔银时制备的方法一样。<ref>{{cite journal
| author = [[M. P. Berthelot]]
| title =Ueber eine neue Klasse zusammengesetzter metallhaltiger Radicale (A new class of combined metallic radicals)
| journal= [[利比希化学纪事]]
| year= 1866
| pages= 245–253
| volume = 138
| issue = 2
| doi = 10.1002/jlac.18661380215
}}</ref>此法会生成Ag<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>·xAgNO<sub>3</sub>[[复盐]]。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJDZ196304006.htm |title=六硝酸银合乙炔银的晶体结构 |accessdate=2013-01-27 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112353/http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJDZ196304006.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>

乙炔银可以形成在银或高银合金的表面上，例如乙炔管道的银焊点。

== 性质 ==
乙炔银不溶于水，且在其它任何溶剂中都不显著可溶。

乙炔银有一項很特殊的性質：在爆炸時不产生气体。化合物的阳离子在分解反应中作为氧化剂。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1963/tf/tf9635901860 |title=Decomposition of silver acetylide |accessdate=2013-01-27 |archive-date=2014-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223072908/http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/1963/tf/tf9635901860 |dead-url=no }}</ref>

: <math>~\mathrm{AgC \equiv CAg(s) \longrightarrow 2Ag(s) + 2C(s)}</math>

爆速为4000 m/s。

乙炔银与[[硝酸银]]复盐的爆轰速度为3460 m/s。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.powerlabs.org/chemlabs/acetylide.htm |title=合成炔基炸药 |accessdate=2013-01-25 |archive-date=2013-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301041138/http://www.powerlabs.org/chemlabs/acetylide.htm |dead-url=no }}</ref>

干燥的乙炔银非常危险。可以用浓[[盐酸]]或[[硫化铵]]销毁：

: <math>~\mathrm{AgC \equiv CAg + 2HCl \longrightarrow HC \equiv CH \uparrow + 2AgCl}</math>
: <math>~\mathrm{AgC \equiv CAg + (NH_4)_2S \longrightarrow HC \equiv CH \uparrow + Ag_2S+2NH_3 \uparrow}</math>

== 参考文献 ==
{{reflist}}
* {{cite book
 |author = Рипан Р., Четяну И. |title = Неорганическая химия. Химия металлов |location = М. |publisher = Мир
 |year = 1972 |series = 2 |pages = 871 |language = ru
}}
* {{cite book
 |author = Багал Л. И. |title = Химия и технология инициирующих взрывчатых веществ |location = М. |publisher = Мир
 |year = 1975 |series = |pages =424-434 |language = ru
}}
* [http://files.school-collection.edu.ru/dlrstore/8ee447cb-64ba-9932-7ac3-3e21acc87d24/0006.wmv Получение ацетиленида серебра]{{Wayback|url=http://files.school-collection.edu.ru/dlrstore/8ee447cb-64ba-9932-7ac3-3e21acc87d24/0006.wmv |date=20130615172840 }} {{ru}}

{{银化合物}}
{{碳化物}}

[[Category:有机银化合物]]
[[Category:乙炔化物]]
[[Category:爆炸性化学品]]
[[Category:1860年代发现的物质]]