查看“︁三氯硫磷”︁的源代码

{{chembox
|   Reference = <ref name="BGIA GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=1510|CAS=3982-91-0|Datum=27. Oktober 2009}}</ref>
|   Name = 三氯硫磷
|   ImageFile = Thiophosphoryl-chloride-2D.png
|   ImageSize = 120px
|   ImageName = 三氯硫磷结构式
|   ImageFileL1 = Thiophosphoryl-chloride-3D-balls.png
|   ImageSizeL1 = 100px
|   ImageNameL1 = 三氯硫磷球棍模型
|   ImageFileR1 = Thiophosphoryl-chloride-3D-vdW.png
|   ImageSizeR1 = 100px
|   ImageNameR1 = 三氯硫磷空间填充模型
|   IUPACName = Thiophosphoryl chloride
|   OtherName = 硫代磷酰氯<br>硫代氯化磷酰<br>三氯化硫磷
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 18729
| PubChem = 19883
| InChI = 1/Cl3PS/c1-4(2,3)5
| InChIKey = WQYSXVGEZYESBR-UHFFFAOYAE
| SMILES = P(=S)(Cl)(Cl)Cl
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/Cl3PS/c1-4(2,3)5
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = WQYSXVGEZYESBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 3982-91-0
| RTECS = 
  }}
|Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = Cl<sub>3</sub>PS
|   MolarMass = 169.40
|   Appearance = 无色有挥发性液体，有刺激性气味
|   Density = 1.668 g/cm³
|   Solubility = 遇水分解
|   SolOther = 易溶于多种有机溶剂，如[[苯]]、[[氯仿]]及[[二硫化碳]]<ref name = spilling>Spilling, C. D. "Thiophosphoryl Chloride" in Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis John Wiley & Sons, Weinheim, 2001. {{DOI| 10.1002/047084289X.rt104}}. Article Online Posting Date: April 15, 2001.</ref>
|   MeltingPt = -40.8 °C (α型)<br>-36.2 °C (β型)
|   BoilingPt = 125 °C
|   VaporPressure = 16 hPa (20 °C)
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = 
|   EUClass = 腐蚀性 ('''C''')
|   FlashPt = 
|   RPhrases = {{R34}}, {{R37}}, {{R52}}, {{R53}}
|   SPhrases = {{S7/8}}, {{S26}}
  }}
}}

'''三氯硫磷'''，化学式PSCl<sub>3</sub>。

==性质==
三氯硫磷是一种无色透明发烟的液体，易挥发，有刺激性气味和强烈的[[催泪]]作用，对眼睛和其他粘膜有腐蚀性。遇冷水缓慢水解，遇热水则迅速分解为[[磷酸]]、[[硫化氢]]和[[氯化氢]]。溶于[[苯]]、[[四氯化碳]]和[[二硫化碳]]。<ref name="zghg">中国化工产品大全 上卷，Bc238 三氯硫磷，页224</ref>

==制备==
由[[三氯化磷]]与[[硫黄]]按一定配比在加热情况下反应生成三氯硫磷，由反应器连续蒸出，经回流冷凝、分离，得三氯硫磷。<ref name="zghg" /><ref name = betterman>Betterman, G.; Krause, W.; Riess, G.; Hofmann, T.  "Phosphorus Compounds, Inorganic" Ullman's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.  John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2005.  {{DOI| 10.1002/14356007.a19_527}}.</ref>
:<math>\rm \ PCl_3+S\rightarrow PSCl_3</math>

此外[[五氯化磷]]与[[五硫化二磷]]反应也可得到三氯硫磷，产率约70％。<ref name = martin>Martin, D. R.; Duvall, W. M.  “Phosphorus (V) Sulfochloride” Inorganic Syntheses, Volume IV.  McGraw-Hill, 1953.  {{DOI| 10.1002/9780470132357.ch24}}.</ref>
:<math>\rm \ 3PCl_5+P_2S_5\rightarrow 5PSCl_3</math>

==用途==
三氯硫磷主要用于生产[[有机磷农药]]如[[甲基对硫磷]]、[[二甲基硫代磷酰氯]]、[[二乙基硫代磷酰氯]]以及[[甲胺磷]]、[[倍硫磷]]、[[禾螟松]]等高效低毒有机磷农药的原料。<ref name = fee>Fee, D. C.; Gard, D. R.; Yang, C.  “Phosphorus Compounds” Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology.  John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2005.  {{DOI| 10.1002/0471238961.16081519060505.a01.pub2}}.</ref> 也用于有机合成中向底物分子<ref name="zghg" /> 引入 P＝S 键，制取含磷和含硫化合物。例如，三氯硫磷与三级[[酰胺]]反应，得到相应的[[硫代酰胺]]。<ref name = spilling />

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}
{{无机磷化合物}}

[[Category:无机磷化合物]]
[[Category:硫代磷酰基化合物]]
[[Category:磷-氯化合物]]
[[Category:酰氯]]