查看“︁三氯化硼”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Name = 三氯化硼
| ImageFile = Boron-trichloride-2D.png
<!-- | ImageSize = 150px -->
| ImageName = 三氯化硼
| ImageFile1 = Boron-trichloride-3D-vdW.png
<!-- | ImageSize1 = 150px -->
| ImageName1 = 三氯化硼
| IUPACName = Boron trichloride
| OtherNames = 氯化硼（III），氯化硼
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 23480
| InChI = 1/B.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
| SMILES = [B+3].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-]
| InChIKey = PYQQLJUXVKZOPJ-DFZHHIFOAV
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/B.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = PYQQLJUXVKZOPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| CASNo = 10294-34-5
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = K748471RAG
| PubChem = 25135
| RTECS = ED1925000
| EINECS = 233-658-4
 }}
|Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = BCl<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 117.17
| Appearance = 无色液体，空气中发烟
| Density = (0&nbsp;°C) 1.43
| Solubility = [[水解]]
| MeltingPt = -107.3&nbsp;°C
| BoilingPt = 12.5&nbsp;°C
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = [[平面三角形分子构型|平面三角形]] ([[点群|''D''<sub>3h</sub>]])
| Dipole = 0
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS =
| EUHazardSymbol = {{Chembox EUHazardSymbol|T+}}
| RPhrases = {{R14}}-{{R26/28}}-{{R34}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}-{{S9}}-{{S26}}-{{S28}}-{{S36/37/39}}-{{S45}}
| FlashPt = 不可燃
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[三氟化硼]]<br />[[三溴化硼]]<br />[[三碘化硼]]
| OtherCations = [[氯化铝]]<br />[[氯化镓]]
| OtherCpds = [[三氧化二硼]]<br />[[四氯化碳]]
  }}
}}
'''三氯化硼'''是一种[[无机化合物]]，化学式为{{chem|BCl|3}}。它是一种有强烈臭味的[[气体]]，用于制各种硼化合物，也用作有机合成[[催化剂]]、[[硅酸盐]]分解时的助溶剂以及对钢铁进行硼化等。

== 備製 ==

硼和[[鹵素]]反應產生硼的三[[卤化物]]。但在工業上，三氯化硼是以[[氧化硼]]與碳在500 ℃中直接氯化製得。
: <chem>B2O3 + 3C + 3Cl2 -> 2BCl3 + 3CO</chem> 

实验室里可由[[三氟化硼]]和[[三氯化铝]]通过卤素交换反应制得三氯化硼。<ref>Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.</ref>

==反应==
三氯化硼容易水解生成盐酸和硼酸：
:<chem>BCl3 + 3H2O -> B(OH)3 + 3HCl</chem>

==参考文献==
{{reflist}}

{{氯化物}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:氯化物]]
[[Category:卤化硼]]