查看“︁丁酰氯”︁的源代码

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 403672360
| ImageFile = Butyryl chloride.png
| ImageSize = 150px
| ImageFile1 = Butyryl-chloride-3D-balls.png
| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model
| IUPACName= Butanoyl chloride
| OtherNames = 正丁酰氯
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C4H7ClO/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = DVECBJCOGJRVPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 141-75-3
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 8523
| EC_number = 205-498-5
| PubChem = 8855
| UNNumber = 2353
| UNII = 2XVM8E16IR
| ChEMBL = 1300263
| InChI = 1/C4H7ClO/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3
| InChIKey = DVECBJCOGJRVPX-UHFFFAOYAA
| SMILES=ClC(=O)CCC
| MeSHName=}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
|C=4|H=7|Cl=1|O=1
| Appearance=无色液体<ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|Name=Butyrylchlorid|ZVG=510535|CAS=141-75-3|Abruf=2016-07-23}}</ref>
| Odor = 泼辣 
| Density= 1.03 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="GESTIS" />
| MeltingPtC =-89
| BoilingPtC =101
|Melting_notes=<ref name="GESTIS" />
|Boiling_notes=<ref name="GESTIS" />
| Solubility = 分解<ref name="GESTIS" />
| SolubleOther = 混溶于[[乙醚]]<br />混溶于[[乙醇]]<ref name="David R. Lide, Ph.D., Thomas J. Bruno">{{cite book| editor= David R. Lide | title= CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 2012-2013 | publisher= CRC Press | ISBN = 1439880492 | date= 2012 | page = 3-78 }}</ref>
| RefractIndex = 1.412
| MagSus = -62.1·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
  }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| FlashPtC = 21.7
| MainHazards = 和水剧烈反应，可燃，腐蚀性
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}{{GHS05}}
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225|314}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|233|240|241|242|243|260|264|280|301+330+331|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|310|321|363|370+378|403+235|405|501}}
| NFPA-F = 3 | NFPA-H = 3 | NFPA-R = 2 
  }}
}}

'''丁酰氯'''是一种[[有机化合物]]，[[化学式]] CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>C(O)Cl.它是一种有泼辣气味的无色液体。丁酰氯可溶于非质子有机溶剂，但易与水和醇反应。它通常由[[丁酸]]的氯化而成。<ref>{{cite journal|title=n-Butyryl Chloride|first1=
B. |last1=Helferich|first2=W.|last2=Schaefer|journal=
Org. Synth. |year=1929|volume=9|page=32|doi=10.15227/orgsyn.009.0032}}</ref>

== 制备 ==
丁酰氯可以由[[丁酸]]和[[氯化亚砜]]反应而成。<ref name="V.K. Ahluwalia, R. Aggarwal">{{cite book| author= V. K. Ahluwalia, R. Aggarwal | title= Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry: Preparations And Quantitative Analysis | publisher= University Press (India) | ISBN = 8173714754 | date= 2000 |page= 15 }}</ref>
:<math>\mathrm{C_4H_7OOH + SOCl_2 \longrightarrow C_4H_7ClO + SO_2 + HCl}</math>

== 用处==
丁酰氯在有机化学中可用于傅-克反应。<ref name="Hisashi Yamamoto, Koichiro Oshima">{{cite book| author= Hisashi Yamamoto, Koichiro Oshima | title= Main Group Metals in Organic Synthesis | publisher= John Wiley & Sons | ISBN = 9783527605354 | date= 2006 | page= 370 }}</ref>

丁酰氯的衍生物克用于制造农药、药物、香水固定剂、聚合催化剂和染料。丁酰氯也常用作有机合成的中间体，用于制备[[药物]]、[[农用化学品]]、染料、[[酯]]和过氧化物。<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/perchem/N-BUTYRYL%20CHLORIDE.htm |title=存档副本 |access-date=2021-08-05 |archive-date=2010-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100114210018/http://chemicalland21.com/specialtychem/perchem/N-BUTYRYL%20CHLORIDE.htm }}</ref>

==危险性==
丁酰氯和空气形成爆炸性混合物。<ref name="GESTIS" />

==参考资料==
{{reflist}}
{{酰卤}}

[[Category:酰氯]]